{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T22:31:26Z","timestamp":1791325886593,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,15]],"date-time":"2012-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1331769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,15]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are self-mobile genetic elements found in the genomes of some bacteria. These elements may confer a fitness advantage upon their host bacteria through the cargo genes that they carry.\n Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n pathogenicity island 7 (SPI-7), found within some pathogenic strains of\n Salmonella enterica<\/jats:named-content>\n , possesses features indicative of an ICE and carries genes implicated in virulence. We aimed to identify and fully analyze ICEs related to SPI-7 within the genus\n Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n and other\n Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:named-content>\n . We report the sequence of two novel SPI-7-like elements, found within strains of\n Salmonella bongori<\/jats:named-content>\n , which share 97% nucleotide identity over conserved regions with SPI-7 and with each other. Although SPI-7 within\n Salmonella enterica<\/jats:named-content>\n serovar Typhi appears to be fixed within the chromosome, we present evidence that these novel elements are capable of excision and self-mobility. Phylogenetic analyses show that these\n Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n mobile elements share an ancestor which existed approximately 3.6 to 15.8 million years ago. Additionally, we identified more distantly related ICEs, with distinct cargo regions, within other strains of\n Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n as well as within\n Citrobacter<\/jats:named-content>\n ,\n Erwinia<\/jats:named-content>\n ,\n Escherichia<\/jats:named-content>\n ,\n Photorhabdus<\/jats:named-content>\n , and\n Yersinia<\/jats:named-content>\n species. In total, we report on a collection of 17 SPI-7 related ICEs within enterobacterial species, of which six are novel. Using comparative and mutational studies, we have defined a core of 27 genes essential for conjugation. We present a growing family of SPI-7-related ICEs whose mobility, abundance, and cargo variability indicate that these elements may have had a large impact on the evolution of the\n Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:named-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.06403-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,14]],"date-time":"2012-01-14T05:42:39Z","timestamp":1326519759000},"page":"1494-1504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Structure, Diversity, and Mobility of the Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 7 Family of Integrative and Conjugative Elements within Enterobacteriaceae"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"194","author":[{"given":"Helena M. 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