{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T03:22:11Z","timestamp":1793762531169,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,15]],"date-time":"1998-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":911088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            In\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            , transcription of the\n            <jats:italic>degP<\/jats:italic>\n            locus, which encodes a heat-shock-inducible periplasmic protease, is controlled by two parallel signal transduction systems that each monitor extracytoplasmic protein physiology. For example, the heat-shock-inducible sigma factor, \u03c2\n            <jats:sup>E<\/jats:sup>\n            , controls\n            <jats:italic>degP<\/jats:italic>\n            transcription in response to the overproduction and folded state of various extracytoplasmic proteins. Similarly, the CpxA\/R two-component signal transduction system increases\n            <jats:italic>degP<\/jats:italic>\n            transcription in response to the overproduction of a variety of extracytoplasmic proteins. Since\n            <jats:italic>degP<\/jats:italic>\n            transcription is attuned to the physiology of extracytoplasmic proteins, we were interested in identifying negative transcriptional regulators of\n            <jats:italic>degP<\/jats:italic>\n            . To this end, we screened for null mutations that increased transcription from a strain containing a\n            <jats:italic>degP-lacZ<\/jats:italic>\n            reporter fusion. Through this approach, we identified null mutations in the\n            <jats:italic>wecE<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>rmlA<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>ECA<\/jats:sub>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>wecF<\/jats:italic>\n            loci that increase\n            <jats:italic>degP<\/jats:italic>\n            transcription. Interestingly, each of these loci is responsible for synthesis of the enterobacterial common antigen (ECA), a glycolipid situated on the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of members of the family\n            <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n            . However, these null mutations do not stimulate\n            <jats:italic>degP<\/jats:italic>\n            transcription by eliminating ECA biosynthesis. Rather, the\n            <jats:italic>wecE<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>rmlA<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>ECA<\/jats:sub>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>wecF<\/jats:italic>\n            null mutations each impede the same step in ECA biosynthesis, and it is the accumulation of the ECA biosynthetic intermediate, lipid II, that causes the observed perturbations. For example, the lipid II-accumulating mutant strains each (i) confer upon\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            a sensitivity to bile salts, (ii) confer a sensitivity to the synthesis of the outer membrane protein LamB, and (iii) stimulate both the Cpx pathway and \u03c2\n            <jats:sup>E<\/jats:sup>\n            activity. These phenotypes suggest that the accumulation of lipid II perturbs the structure of the bacterial outer membrane. Furthermore, these results underscore the notion that although the Cpx and \u03c2\n            <jats:sup>E<\/jats:sup>\n            systems function in parallel to regulate\n            <jats:italic>degP<\/jats:italic>\n            transcription, they can be simultaneously activated by the same perturbation.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.180.22.5875-5884.1998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T16:29:01Z","timestamp":1577809741000},"page":"5875-5884","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Accumulation of the Enterobacterial Common Antigen Lipid II Biosynthetic Intermediate Stimulates\n            <i>degP<\/i>\n            Transcription in\n            <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"Paul N.","family":"Danese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544,1and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George R.","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544,1and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-47992"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory D.","family":"Bowman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544,1and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul D.","family":"Rick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-47992"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Silhavy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544,1and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)48216-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.3.2.85","article-title":"Amplifying DNA with arbitrary oligonucleotide primers","volume":"3","author":"Caetano-Annoles G.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Caetano-Annoles G. 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