{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T09:26:09Z","timestamp":1792229169244,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Under anaerobic conditions, structurally diverse aromatic compounds are catabolized by bacteria to form benzoyl-coenzyme A (benzoyl-CoA), the starting compound for a central reductive pathway for aromatic ring degradation. The structural genes required for the conversion of 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA) to benzoyl-CoA by\n            <jats:italic>Rhodopseudomonas palustris<\/jats:italic>\n            have been identified. Here we describe a regulatory gene,\n            <jats:italic>hbaR<\/jats:italic>\n            , that is part of the 4-HBA degradation gene cluster. An\n            <jats:italic>hbaR<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant that was constructed was unable to grow anaerobically on 4-HBA. However, the mutant retained the ability to grow aerobically on 4-HBA by an oxygen-requiring pathway distinct from the anaerobic route of 4-HBA degradation. The effect of the HbaR protein on expression of\n            <jats:italic>hbaA<\/jats:italic>\n            encoding 4-HBA-CoA ligase, the first enzyme for 4-HBA degradation, was investigated by using\n            <jats:italic>hbaA<\/jats:italic>\n            ::\u2032\n            <jats:italic>lacZ<\/jats:italic>\n            transcriptional fusions. HbaR was required for a 20-fold induction of \u03b2-galactosidase activity that was observed with a chromosomal\n            <jats:italic>hbaA<\/jats:italic>\n            ::\u2032\n            <jats:italic>lacZ<\/jats:italic>\n            fusion when cells grown anaerobically on succinate were switched to anaerobic growth on succinate and 4-HBA. HbaR also activated expression from a plasmid-borne\n            <jats:italic>hbaA<\/jats:italic>\n            -\u2032\n            <jats:italic>lacZ<\/jats:italic>\n            fusion when it was expressed in aerobically grown\n            <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n            cells, indicating that the activity of this regulator is not sensitive to oxygen. The deduced amino acid sequence of HbaR indicates that it is a member of the FNR-CRP superfamily of regulatory proteins. It is most closely related to transcriptional activators that are involved in regulating nitrate reduction. Previously, it has been shown that\n            <jats:italic>R. palustris<\/jats:italic>\n            has an FNR homologue, called AadR, that is also required for 4-HBA degradation. Our evidence indicates that AadR activates expression of\n            <jats:italic>hbaR<\/jats:italic>\n            in response to anaerobiosis and that HbaR, in turn, activates expression of 4-HBA degradation in response to 4-HBA as an effector molecule.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.182.1.100-106.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,23]],"date-time":"2009-04-23T18:36:02Z","timestamp":1240511762000},"page":"100-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["HbaR, a 4-Hydroxybenzoate Sensor and FNR-CRP Superfamily Member, Regulates Anaerobic 4-Hydroxybenzoate Degradation by\n            <i>Rhodopseudomonas palustris<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Paul G.","family":"Egland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline S.","family":"Harwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(95)00885-D","article-title":"Expression of the nir and nor genes for denitrification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa requires a novel CRP\/FNR-related transcriptional regulator, DNR, in addition to ANR","volume":"371","author":"Arai H.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Arai H. 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