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Five types of deletion, insertion, and substitution motifs were found at the right end of the<jats:italic>H. pylori cag<\/jats:italic>pathogenicity island. Of the three most common motifs, type I predominated in Spaniards, native Peruvians, and Guatemalan Ladinos (mixed Amerindian-European ancestry) and also in native Africans and U.S. residents; type II predominated among Japanese and Chinese; and type III predominated in Indians from Calcutta. Sequences in the<jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic>gene and in<jats:italic>vacAm1<\/jats:italic>type alleles of the vacuolating cytotoxin gene (<jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic>) of strains from native Peruvians were also more like those from Spaniards than those from Asians. These indications of relatedness of Latin American and Spanish strains, despite the closer genetic relatedness of Amerindian and Asian people themselves, lead us to suggest that<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>may have been brought to the New World by European conquerors and colonists about 500 years ago. This thinking, in turn, suggests that<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>infection might have become widespread in people quite recently in human evolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.182.11.3210-3218.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:03:59Z","timestamp":1027764239000},"page":"3210-3218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":177,"title":["Differences in Genotypes of<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>from Different Human Populations"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Dangeruta","family":"Kersulyte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri 631101;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asish 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