{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T07:11:53Z","timestamp":1791097913037,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,15]],"date-time":"2000-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":961027200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The CcrM DNA methyltransferase of the \u03b1-proteobacteria catalyzes the methylation of the adenine in the sequence GAnTC. Like Dam in the enterobacteria, CcrM plays a regulatory role in\n            <jats:italic>Caulobacter crescentus<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Rhizobium meliloti<\/jats:italic>\n            . CcrM is essential for viability in both of these organisms, and we show here that it is also essential in\n            <jats:italic>Brucella abortus<\/jats:italic>\n            . Further, increased copy number of the\n            <jats:italic>ccrM<\/jats:italic>\n            gene results in striking changes in\n            <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n            morphology, DNA replication, and growth in murine macrophages. We generated strains that carry\n            <jats:italic>ccrM<\/jats:italic>\n            either on a low-copy-number plasmid (strain GR131) or on a moderate-copy-number plasmid (strain GR132). Strain GR131 has wild-type morphology and chromosome number, as assessed by flow cytometry. In contrast, strain GR132 has abnormal branched morphology, suggesting aberrant cell division, and increased chromosome number. Although these strains exhibit different morphologies and DNA content, the replication of both strains in macrophages is attenuated. These data imply that the reduction in survival in host cells is not due solely to a cell division defect but is due to additional functions of CcrM. Because CcrM is essential in\n            <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n            and increased\n            <jats:italic>ccrM<\/jats:italic>\n            copy number attenuates survival in host cells, we propose that CcrM is an appropriate target for new antibiotics.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.182.12.3482-3489.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:00:58Z","timestamp":1027764058000},"page":"3482-3489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["The\n            <i>Brucella abortus<\/i>\n            CcrM DNA Methyltransferase Is Essential for Viability, and Its Overexpression Attenuates Intracellular Replication in Murine Macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Gregory T.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 711301;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Reisenauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 943052; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 943052; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasmus B.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 943052; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allen","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa 500103"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucille","family":"Shapiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 943052; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"II","given":"R. Martin","family":"Roop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 711301;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.3.1008-1016.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baldwin\nC. L.\nRoop\nR. M.\nII. Brucella infections and immunity\nOpportunistic intracellular bacteria and immunity.\nParadise\nL. J.\nFriedman\nH.\nBendinelli\nM.\n1998\n255\n279\nPlenum Press\nNew York N.Y","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-46809-3_15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-9525(89)90054-1","article-title":"The great GATC: DNA methylation in E. coli","volume":"5","author":"Barras F.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Barras F. Marinus M. G. 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