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In this study we present a comprehensive comparative analysis of RNA polymerases from two distantly related bacterial species,\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n            , using a panel of in vitro transcription assays. We found substantial species-specific differences in the ability of these enzymes to escape from the promoter and to recognize certain types of elongation signals. Both enzymes responded similarly to other pause and termination signals and to the general\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            elongation factors NusA and GreA. We also demonstrate that, although promoter recognition depends largely on the \u03c2 subunit, promoter discrimination exhibited in species-specific fashion by both RNA polymerases resides in the core enzyme. We hypothesize that differences in signal recognition are due to the changes in contacts made between the \u03b2 and \u03b2\u2032 subunits and the downstream DNA duplex.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.182.21.6027-6035.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:00:58Z","timestamp":1027764058000},"page":"6027-6035","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["RNA Polymerases from\n            <i>Bacillus subtilis<\/i>\n            and\n            <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n            Differ in Recognition of Regulatory Signals In Vitro"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Irina","family":"Artsimovitch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Bacteriology1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Svetlov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Oncology,2 University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Oncology,2 University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard R.","family":"Burgess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Oncology,2 University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Landick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Bacteriology1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1006\/prep.2000.1272","article-title":"Rapid purification of the His(6)-tagged Bacillus subtilis core RNA polymerase","volume":"19","author":"Anthony L.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Anthony L. 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