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Several earlier studies indicated that<jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>does not elaborate siderophores. However, we now present evidence that supernatants from<jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>cultures can contain a nonproteinaceous, high-affinity iron chelator. More specifically, when aerobically grown in a low-iron, chemically defined medium (CDM),<jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>secretes a substance that is reactive in the chrome azurol S (CAS) assay. Importantly, the siderophore-like activity was only observed when the CDM cultures were inoculated to relatively high density with bacteria that had been grown overnight to log or early stationary phase in CDM or buffered yeast extract. Inocula derived from late-stationary-phase cultures, despite ultimately growing, consistently failed to result in the elaboration of siderophore-like activity. The<jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>CAS reactivity was detected in the culture supernatants of the serogroup 1 strains 130b and Philadelphia-1, as well as those from representatives of other serogroups and other<jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>species. The CAS-reactive substance was resistant to boiling and protease treatment and was associated with the &lt;1-kDa supernatant fraction. As would also be expected for a siderophore, the addition of 0.5 or 2.0 \u03bcM iron to the cultures repressed the expression of the CAS-reactive substance. Interestingly, the supernatants were negative in the Arnow, Csa\u0301ky, and Rioux assays, indicating that the<jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>siderophore was not a classic catecholate or hydroxamate and, hence, might have a novel structure. We have designated the<jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>siderophore legiobactin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.182.3.749-757.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:01:09Z","timestamp":1027764069000},"page":"749-757","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Discovery of a Nonclassical Siderophore, Legiobactin, Produced by Strains of<i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Mark R.","family":"Liles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy Aber","family":"Scheel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas P.","family":"Cianciotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-2452(99)80004-9","article-title":"Invasion of mammalian and protozoan cells by Legionella pneumophila","volume":"96","author":"Abu Kwaik Y.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Abu Kwaik Y. 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