{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:14:42Z","timestamp":1791400482868,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,1]],"date-time":"2001-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1001894400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n            spends a significant proportion of its life cycle within an ixodid tick, which has a cuticle containing chitin, a polymer of\n            <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n            -acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). The\n            <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi celA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>celB<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>celC<\/jats:italic>\n            genes encode products homologous to transporters for cellobiose and chitobiose (the dimer subunit of chitin) in other bacteria, which could be useful for bacterial nutrient acquisition during growth within ticks. We found that chitobiose efficiently substituted for GlcNAc during bacterial growth in culture medium. We inactivated the\n            <jats:italic>celB<\/jats:italic>\n            gene, which encodes the putative membrane-spanning component of the transporter, and compared growth of the mutant in various media to that of its isogenic parent. The mutant was no longer able to utilize chitobiose, while neither the mutant nor the wild type can utilize cellobiose. We propose renaming the three genes\n            <jats:italic>chbA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>chbB<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>chbC<\/jats:italic>\n            , since they probably encode a chitobiose transporter. We also found that the\n            <jats:italic>chbC<\/jats:italic>\n            gene was regulated in response to growth temperature and during growth in medium lacking GlcNAc.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.183.19.5544-5553.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:01:09Z","timestamp":1027764069000},"page":"5544-5553","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Genetics and Regulation of Chitobiose Utilization in\n            <i>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"183","author":[{"given":"Kit","family":"Tilly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdallah F.","family":"Elias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Errett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Microscopy Branch,2 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, Montana 59840, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radha","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 105953"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ira","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 105953"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James L.","family":"Bono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"521","article-title":"Isolation and cultivation of Lyme disease spirochetes","volume":"57","author":"Barbour A. 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