{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T06:54:35Z","timestamp":1761893675237},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]],"date-time":"2001-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":983404800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            mutators accelerate the bacterial mutation rate 100- to 1,000-fold and relax the barriers that normally restrict homeologous recombination. These mutators thus afford the opportunity for horizontal exchange of DNA between disparate strains. While much is known regarding the\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            phenotype, the evolutionary structure of the\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            gene in\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            remains unclear. The physical proximity of\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            to an adjacent polymorphic region of the chromosome suggests that this gene itself may be subject to horizontal transfer and recombination events. To test this notion, a phylogenetic approach was employed that compared gene phylogeny to strain phylogeny, making it possible to identify\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            strains in which\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            alleles have recombined. Comparison of\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            phylogeny against predicted\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            \u201cwhole-chromosome\u201d phylogenies (derived from multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and\n            <jats:italic>mdh<\/jats:italic>\n            sequences) revealed striking levels of phylogenetic discordance among\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            alleles and their respective strains. We interpret these incongruences as signatures of horizontal exchange among\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            alleles. Examination of additional sites surrounding\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            also revealed incongruous distributions compared to\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            strain phylogeny. This suggests that other regional sequences are equally subject to horizontal transfer, supporting the hypothesis that the 61.5-min\n            <jats:italic>mutS-rpoS<\/jats:italic>\n            region is a recombinational hot spot within the\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            chromosome. Furthermore, these data are consistent with a mechanism for stabilizing adaptive changes promoted by\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            mutators through rescue of defective\n            <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic>\n            alleles with wild-type sequences.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.183.5.1631-1644.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:01:09Z","timestamp":1027764069000},"page":"1631-1644","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Phylogenetic Evidence for Horizontal Transfer of\n            <i>mutS<\/i>\n            Alleles among Naturally Occurring\n            <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n            Strains"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"183","author":[{"given":"Eric W.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Molecular Biology Branch, Center for Food Safety &amp; Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. 20204"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Eugene","family":"LeClerc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Molecular Biology Branch, Center for Food Safety &amp; Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. 20204"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baoguang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Molecular Biology Branch, Center for Food Safety &amp; Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. 20204"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William L.","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Molecular Biology Branch, Center for Food Safety &amp; Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. 20204"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Cebula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Molecular Biology Branch, Center for Food Safety &amp; Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. 20204"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/140.4.1187","article-title":"The diversity of alleles at the hsd locus in natural populations of Escherichia coli","volume":"140","author":"Barcus V. 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