{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:05:11Z","timestamp":1789578311583,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,15]],"date-time":"2003-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1063584000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirteen different serotypes of<jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>can be distinguished on the basis of variation in somatic and flagellar antigens. Although the known virulence genes are present in all serotypes, greater than 90% of human cases of listeriosis are caused by serotypes 1\/2a, 1\/2b, and 4b and nearly all outbreaks of food-borne listeriosis have been caused by serotype 4b strains. Phylogenetic analysis of these three common clinical serotypes places them into two different lineages, with serotypes 1\/2b and 4b belonging to lineage I and 1\/2a belonging to lineage II. To begin examining evolution of the genome in these serotypes, DNA microarray analysis was used to identify lineage-specific and serotype-specific differences in genome content. A set of 44 strains representing serotypes 1\/2a, 1\/2b, and 4b was probed with a shotgun DNA microarray constructed from the serotype 1\/2a strain 10403s. Clones spanning 47 different genes in 16 different contiguous segments relative to the lineage II 1\/2a genome were found to be absent in all lineage I strains tested (serotype 4b and 1\/2b) and an additional nine were altered exclusively in 4b strains. Southern hybridization confirmed that conserved alterations were, in all but two loci, due to absence of the segments from the genome. Genes within these contiguous segments comprise five functional categories, including genes involved in synthesis of cell surface molecules and regulation of virulence gene expression. Phylogenetic reconstruction and examination of compositional bias in the regions of difference are consistent with a model in which the ancestor of the two lineages had the 1\/2 somatic serotype and the regions absent in the lineage I genome arose by loss of ancestral sequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.185.18.5573-5584.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,29]],"date-time":"2003-08-29T17:45:12Z","timestamp":1062179112000},"page":"5573-5584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Genome Diversification in Phylogenetic Lineages I and II of<i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i>: Identification of Segments Unique to Lineage II Populations"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Chaomei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Food Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Food Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingliang","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Food Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Nietfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Food Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Food Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip M.","family":"Terry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Food Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Food Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen D.","family":"Kachman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biometry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Wiedmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mansour","family":"Samadpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7234"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew K.","family":"Benson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Food Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1605(99)00057-4","volume":"49","year":"1999","unstructured":"Aarts, H. J., L. E. Hakemulder, and A. M. Van Hoef. 1999. Genomic typing of Listeria monocytogenes strains by automated laser fluorescence analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprint patterns. Int. J. Food Microbiol.49:95-102.","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.163.2.615-622.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1605(89)90018-4","volume":"8","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bibb, W. F., B. Schwartz, B. G. Gellin, B. D. Plikaytis, and R. E. Weaver. 1989. Analysis of Listeria monocytogenes by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and application of the method to epidemiologic investigations. Int. J. Food Microbiol.8:233-239.","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.139.6.2005","volume":"139","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bishop, D. K., and D. J. Hinrichs. 1987. Adoptive transfer of immunity to Listeria monocytogenes: the influence of in vitro stimulation on lymphocyte subset requirements. J. Immunol.139:2005-2009.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.145.1.333-340.1981"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"5024","volume":"181","year":"1999","unstructured":"Brehm, K., M.-T. Ripio, J. Kreft, and J.-A. Vasquez-Boland. 1999. The bvr locus of Listeria monocytogenes mediates virulence gene repression by \u03b2-glucosides. Infect. Immun.181:5024-5032.","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.60.7.2584-2592.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.155.3.983-988.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s002840010300","volume":"43","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cai, S., and M. Wiedmann. 2001. Characterization of the prfA virulence gene cluster insertion site in non-hemolytic Listeria spp.: probing the evolution of the Listeria virulence gene island. Curr. Microbiol.43:271-277.","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.2.632-639.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.157.1.130-133.1984"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1007\/s002030050481","volume":"168","year":"1997","unstructured":"Canepari, P., C. Signoretto, M. Boaretti, and L. Del Mar. 1997. Cell elongation and septation are two mutually exclusive processes in Escherichia coli.Arch. Microbiol.168:152-159.","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S1438-4221(00)80086-7","volume":"290","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chakraborty, T., T. Hain, and E. Domann. 2000. Genome organization and the evolution of the virulence gene locus in Listeria species. Int. J. Med. Microbiol.290:167-174.","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.10.3856-3859.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.9.2823-2834.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02297.x","volume":"16","year":"1995","unstructured":"Dramisi, S., I. Biswas, E. Magiun, L. Braun, P. Mastroeni, and P. Cossart. 1995. Entry of Listeria monocytogenes into hepatocytes requires expression of InlB, a surface protein of the internalin multigene family. Mol. Microbiol.16:251-261.","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"1615","volume":"65","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dramsi, S., P. Dehoux, M. Lebrun, P. L. Goossens, and P. Cossart. 1997. Identification of four new members of the internalin multigene family of Listeria monocytogenes EGD. Infect. Immun. 1997.65:1615-1625.","journal-title":"Infect. Immun. 1997."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.55.3.476-511.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"368","volume":"17","year":"1985","unstructured":"Feslenstein, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution17:368-376.","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(84)80038-7","volume":"5","year":"1984","unstructured":"Fielder, F., J. Seger, A. Schrettenbrunner, and J. P. R. Seeliger. 1984. The biochemistry of murein and cell wall teichoic acids in the genus of Listeria. Syst. Appl. Microbiol.5:360-376.","journal-title":"Syst. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5313.718","volume":"276","year":"1997","unstructured":"Finlay, B. B., and P. Cossart. 1997. Exploitation of mammalian host cell functions by bacterial pathogens. Science276:718-725.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","first-page":"833","volume":"97","year":"1985","unstructured":"Fuji, H. K. Kamisango, M. Nagaoka, K. Uchikawa, I. Sekikawa, K. Yamamoto, and I. Azuma. 1985. Structural study of teichoic acids of Listeria monocytogenes types 4a and 4d. J. Biochem.97:833-891.","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90009-N","volume":"65","year":"1991","unstructured":"Gaillard, J., P. Berche, C. Frehel, E. Gouin, and P. Cossart. 1991. Entry of L. monocytogenes into cells is mediated by internalin, a repeat protein reminiscent of surface antigens from gram-positive cocci. Cell65:1127-1141.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420090077035","volume":"261","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gellin, B. G., and C. V. Broome. 1989. Listeriosis. JAMA261:1313-1320.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1063447","volume":"294","year":"2001","unstructured":"Glaser, P., L. Frangeul, C. Buchrieser, C. Rusniok, A. Amend, F. Baquero, P. Berche, H. Bloecker, P. Brandt, T. Chakraborty, A. Charbit, F. Chetouani, E. Couvelin, A. de Daruvar, P. Dehoux, E. Domann, G. Dominguez-Bernal, E. Duchaud, L. Durant, O. Dussurget, K. D. Entian, H. Fsihi, F. G. Portillo, P. Garrido, L. Gautier, W. Goebel, N. Gomez-Lopez, T. Hain, J. Hauf, D. Jackson, L. M. Jones, U. Kaerst, J. Kreft, M. Kuhn, F. Kunst, G. Kurapkat, E. Madueno, A. Maitournam, J. M. Vicente, E. Ng, H. Nedjari, G. Nordsiek, S. Novella, B. de Pablos, J. C. Perez-Diaz, R. Purcell, B. Remmel, M. Rose, T. Schlueter, N. Simoes, A. Tierrez, J. A. Vaszquez-Boland, H. Voss, J. Wehland, and P. Cossart. 2001. Comparative genomics of Listeria species. Science294:849-852.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.12.2936-2943.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1139\/m92-141","volume":"38","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gutekunst, K. A., B. P. Holloway, and G. M. Carlone. 1992. DNA sequence heterogeneity in the gene encoding a 60-kilodalton extracellular protein of Listeria monocytogenes.Can. J. Microbiol.38:865-870.","journal-title":"Can. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2911(02)46002-X","volume":"46","year":"2002","unstructured":"Helmann, J. D. 2002. The extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors. Adv. Microb. Physiol.46:47-110.","journal-title":"Adv. Microb. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.00766.x","volume":"28","year":"1998","unstructured":"Henriques, A. O., P. Glaser, P. J. Piggot, and C. P. Moran, Jr. 1998. Control of cell shape and elongation by the rodA gene in Bacillus subtilis.Mol. Microbiol.28:235-247.","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.6.3972-3979.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13578.x","volume":"174","year":"1999","unstructured":"Huillet, E., S. Larpin, P. Pardon, and P. Berche. 1999. Identification of a new locus in Listeria monocytogenes involved in cellobiose-dependent repression of hly expression. FEMS Microbiol. Lett.174:265-272.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-147-5-1095","volume":"147","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jeffers, G. T., J. L. Bruce, P. McDonough, J. Scarlett, K. J. Boor, and M. Wiedmann. 2001. Comparative genetic characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from human and animal listeriosis cases. Microbiology147:1095-1104.","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.18.5238-5250.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(01)02079-0","volume":"9","year":"2001","unstructured":"Karlin, S. 2001. Detecting anomalous gene clusters and pathogenicity islands in diverse bacterial genomes. Trends Microbiol.9:335-343.","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.23.6885-6897.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kreft J. J.-A. Vazquez-Boland E. Ng and W. Goebel. 1999. Virulence gene clusters and putative pathogenicity islands in Listeria p. 219-232. In J. Kaper and J. Hacker (ed.) Pathogenicity islands and other mobile genetic elements. American Society for Microbiology Washington D.C.","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555818173.ch12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.21.6161-6168.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.4.1133-1139.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","unstructured":"Li W.-H. 1997. Molecular evolution p. 106-108. Sinauer Sunderland Mass."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.20.5733-5745.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1997.0144","volume":"23","year":"1997","unstructured":"Marco, A. J., J. Altimira, N. Prats, S. Lopez, L. Dominguez, M. Domingo, and V. Briones. 1997. Penetration of Listeria monocytogenes in mice infected by the oral route. Microb. Pathog.23:255-263.","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0923-2508(90)90101-U","volume":"141","year":"1990","unstructured":"Matsuhashi, M., M. Wachi, and F. Ishino. 1990. Machinery for cell growth and division: penicillin-binding proteins and other proteins. Res. Microbiol.141:89-103.","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01963840","volume":"9","year":"1990","unstructured":"McLauchlin, J. 1990. Distribution of serovars of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from different categories of patients with listeriosis. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.9:210-213.","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3818","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.10.3818","volume":"86","year":"1989","unstructured":"Piffaretti, J.-C., H. Kressebuch, M. Aeschenbacher, J. Bille, E. Bannerman, J. M. Musser, R. K. Selander, and J. Rocourt. 1989. Genetic characterization of clones of the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes causing epidemic disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA86:3818-3822.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.181.2.418-425.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.4.1263-1267.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.11.3945-3951.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-141-9-2053","volume":"141","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rasmussen, O. F., P. Skouboe, L. Dons, L. Rossen, and J. E. Olsen. 1995. Listeria monocytogenes exists in at least three evolutionary lines: evidence from flagellin, invasive associated protein, and listeriolysin O genes. Microbiology141:2053-2061.","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","first-page":"406","volume":"4","year":"1987","unstructured":"Saitou, N., and M. Nei. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol.4:406-425.","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.4.2.169"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0580-9517(08)70372-6","volume":"13","year":"1979","unstructured":"Seelinger, H. P. R., and K. Hoehne. 1979. Serotypes of Listeria monocytogenes and related species. Methods Microbiol.13:31-49.","journal-title":"Methods Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","first-page":"187","volume":"192","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sheehan, B., C. Kocks, S. Dramsi, E. Gouin, A. D. Klarsfield, J. Mengaud, and P. Cossart. 1994. Molecular and genetic determinants of the Listeria monocytogenes infectious process. Curr. Top. Microbiol.192:187-216.","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.6.2571-2577.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.1.59-64.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a135486","volume":"99","year":"1986","unstructured":"Uchikawa, K., I. Sekikawa, and I. Azuma. 1986. Structural studies on teichoic acids in cell walls of several serotypes of Listeria monocytogenes.J. Biochem.99:315-327.","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.3.584-640.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0923-2508(92)90020-O","volume":"143","year":"1992","unstructured":"Vines, A., M. W. Reeves, S. Hunter, and B. Swaminathan. 1992. Restriction fragment length polymorphism in four virulence-associated genes of Listeria monocytogenes.Res. Microbiol.143:281-294.","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.7.2707-2716.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.164.1.331-337.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.171.6.3412-3419.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.61.12.4310-4314.1995"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JB.185.18.5573-5584.2003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JB.185.18.5573-5584.2003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T21:08:41Z","timestamp":1682543321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JB.185.18.5573-5584.2003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,15]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JB.185.18.5573-5584.2003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.185.18.5573-5584.2003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9193","1098-5530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9193","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5530","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2003-04-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2003-06-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}