{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T02:07:33Z","timestamp":1791252453519,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,15]],"date-time":"2003-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1047686400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Genomes of prokaryotes differ significantly in size and DNA composition.\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            is considered a model organism to analyze the processes involved in bacterial genome evolution, as the species comprises numerous pathogenic and commensal variants. Pathogenic and nonpathogenic\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            strains differ in the presence and absence of additional DNA elements contributing to specific virulence traits and also in the presence and absence of additional genetic information. To analyze the genetic diversity of pathogenic and commensal\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates, a whole-genome approach was applied. Using DNA arrays, the presence of all translatable open reading frames (ORFs) of nonpathogenic\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            K-12 strain MG1655 was investigated in 26\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates, including various extraintestinal and intestinal pathogenic\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates, 3 pathogenicity island deletion mutants, and commensal and laboratory strains. Additionally, the presence of virulence-associated genes of\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            was determined using a DNA \u201cpathoarray\u201d developed in our laboratory. The frequency and distributional pattern of genomic variations vary widely in different\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            strains. Up to 10% of the\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            K-12-specific ORFs were not detectable in the genomes of the different strains. DNA sequences described for extraintestinal or intestinal pathogenic\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            are more frequently detectable in isolates of the same origin than in other pathotypes. Several genes coding for virulence or fitness factors are also present in commensal\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates. Based on these results, the conserved\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            core genome is estimated to consist of at least 3,100 translatable ORFs. The absence of K-12-specific ORFs was detectable in all chromosomal regions. These data demonstrate the great genome heterogeneity and genetic diversity among\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            strains and underline the fact that both the acquisition and deletion of DNA elements are important processes involved in the evolution of prokaryotes.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.185.6.1831-1840.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,4]],"date-time":"2003-03-04T19:35:53Z","timestamp":1046806553000},"page":"1831-1840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":221,"title":["Analysis of Genome Plasticity in Pathogenic and Commensal\n            <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n            Isolates by Use of DNA Arrays"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Dobrindt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Molekulare Infektionsbiologie der Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, 97070 Wu\u0308rzburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Agerer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Molekulare Infektionsbiologie der Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, 97070 Wu\u0308rzburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Michaelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Molekulare Infektionsbiologie der Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, 97070 Wu\u0308rzburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Janka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Hygiene und Mikrobiologie der Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, 97080 Wu\u0308rzburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Buchrieser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Ge\u0301nomique des Microorganismes Pathoge\u0300nes, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Samuelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catharina","family":"Svanborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Gottschalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Go\u0308ttingen Genomics Laboratory, 37077 Go\u0308ttingen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helge","family":"Karch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Hygiene der Universita\u0308t Mu\u0308nster, 48149 Mu\u0308nster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u0308rg","family":"Hacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Molekulare Infektionsbiologie der Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, 97070 Wu\u0308rzburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14043","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.14043","volume":"96","year":"1999","unstructured":"Achtman, M., K. Zurth, G. Morelli, G. Torrea, A. Guiyoule, and E. Carniel. 1999. Yersinia pestis, the cause of plague, is a recently emerged clone of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA96:14043-14048.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7546","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.131057498","volume":"98","year":"2001","unstructured":"Akman, L., and S. Aksoy. 2001. A novel application of gene arrays: Escherichia coli array provides insight into the biology of the obligate endosymbiont of tsetse flies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA98:7546-7551.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.9.2915-2921.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5419.1520"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025847","volume":"15","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bergthorsson, U., and H. Ochman. 1998. Distribution of chromosome length variation in natural isolates of Escherichia coli. Mol. Biol. Evol.15:6-16.","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5331.1453"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.2.606-614.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"189","volume":"126","year":"1995","unstructured":"Blum, G., V. Falbo, A. Caprioli, and J. Hacker. 1995. Gene clusters encoding the cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1, Prs-fimbriae and alpha-hemolysin form the pathogenicity island II of the uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain J96. FEMS Microbiol. Lett.126:189-195.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.4.2096-2101.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.5.1159-1165.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_18020201.x","volume":"18","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cheetham, B. F., and M. E. Katz. 1995. A role for bacteriophages in the evolution and transfer of bacterial virulence determinants. Mol. Microbiol.18:201-208.","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.7.3258-3263.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.10.4555-4558.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","unstructured":"Dobrindt U. and J. Hacker. 1999. Plasmids phages and pathogenicity islands: lessons on the evolution of bacterial toxins p. 3-23. In J. E. Alouf and J. H. Freer (ed.) The comprehensive sourcebook of bacterial protein toxins 2nd ed. Academic Press London United Kingdom."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.11.6365-6372.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.7.4248-4256.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"157","volume":"264","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dobrindt, U., U. Hentschel, J. B. Kaper, and J. Hacker. 2002. Genome plasticity in pathogenic and nonpathogenic enterobacteria. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.264:157-175.","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.4.1911-1921.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.185801","volume":"11","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dorrell, N., J. A. Mangan, K. G. Laing, J. Hinds, D. Linton, H. Al-Ghusein, B. G. Barrell, J. Parkhill, N. G. Stoker, A. V. Karlyshev, P. D. Butcher, and B. W. Wren. 2001. Whole genome comparison of Campylobacter jejuni human isolates using a low-cost microarray reveals extensive genetic diversity. Genome Res.11:1706-1715.","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","unstructured":"Falkow S. 1996. The evolution of pathogenicity in Escherichia coli Shigella and Salmonella p. 2723-2729. In F. C. Neidhardt R. Curtis III J. L. Ingraham E. C. C. Lin K. Brooks Low Jr. B. Magasanik W. S. Reznikoff M. Riley M. Schaechter and H. E. Umbarger (ed.) Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium : cellular and molecular biology 2nd ed. ASM Press Washington D.C."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7033","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.102154799","volume":"99","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gill, R. T., S. Wildt, Y. T. Yang, S. Ziesman, and G. Stephanopoulos. 2002. Genome-wide screening for trait conferring genes using DNA microarrays. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA99:7033-7038.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.54.1.641","volume":"54","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hacker, J., and J. B. Kaper. 2000. Pathogenicity islands and the evolution of microbes. Annu. Rev. Microbiol.54:641-679.","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dnares\/8.1.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.11.4470-4475.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.33.3.933-938.1981"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.02133.x","volume":"38","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jackson, R. W., J. W. Mansfield, D. L. Arnold, A. Sesma, C. D. Paynter, J. Murillo, J. D. Taylor, and A. Vivian. 2000. Excision from tRNA genes of a large chromosomal region, carrying avrPphB, associated with race change in the bean pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. Mol. Microbiol.38:186-197.","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10651.x","volume":"199","year":"2001","unstructured":"Janke, B., U. Dobrindt, J. Hacker, and G. Blum-Oehler. 2001. A subtractive hybridisation analysis of genomic differences between the uropathogenic E. coli strain 536 and the E. coli K-12 strain MG1655. FEMS Microbiol. Lett.199:61-66.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1086\/315217","volume":"181","year":"2000","unstructured":"Johnson, J. R., and A. L. Stell. 2000. Extended virulence genotypes of Escherichia coli strains from patients with urosepsis in relation to phylogeny and host compromise. J. Infect. Dis.181:261-272.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.9.5363-5374.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaper J. B. and J. Hacker. 1999. Pathogenicity islands plasmids and other mobile elements. ASM Press Washington D.C.","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555818173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.31.5.1200-1205.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.11.5994-6001.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2365","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-146-10-2365","volume":"146","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kiewitz, C., K. Larbig, J. Klockgether, C. Weinel, and B. T\u00fcmmler. 2000. Monitoring genome evolution ex vivo: reversible chromosomal integration of a 106 kb plasmid at two tRNA(Lys) gene loci in sequential Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway isolates. Microbiology146:2365-2373.","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.159.3.1027-1033.1984"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.48.2.486-491.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9413","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.16.9413","volume":"95","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lawrence, J. G., and H. Ochman. 1998. Molecular archaeology of the Escherichia coli genome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA95:9413-9417.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levine M. M. E. J. Bergquist D. R. Nalin D. H. Waterman R. B. Hornick C. R. Young S. Sotman and B. Rowe. 1978. Escherichia coli strains that cause diarrhoea but do not produce heat-labile or heat-stable enterotoxins and are non-invasive. Lancet i: 1119-1122.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)90299-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3943","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.7.3943","volume":"95","year":"1998","unstructured":"Maurelli, A. T., R. E. Fern\u00e1ndez, C. A. Bloch, C. K. Rode, and A. Fasano. 1998. \u201cBlack holes\u201d and bacterial pathogenicity: a large genomic deletion that enhances the virulence of Shigella spp. and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA95:3943-3948.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.10.5933-5942.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.1.315-324.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/0923-2508(96)84019-8","volume":"147","year":"1996","unstructured":"M\u00fchldorfer, I., G. Blum, A. Donohue-Rolfe, H. Heier, T. \u00d6lschl\u00e4ger, H. Tsch\u00e4pe, U. Wallner, and J. Hacker. 1996. Characterization of Escherichia coli strains isolated from environmental water habitats and from stool samples of healthy volunteers. Res. Microbiol.147:625-635.","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.11.1.142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6637","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.24.6637","volume":"19","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ochman, H., and I. B. Jones. 2000. Evolutionary dynamics of full genome content in Escherichia coli. EMBO J.19:6637-6643.","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35012500"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1139\/m92-115","volume":"38","year":"1992","unstructured":"\u00d8rskov, F., and I. \u00d8rskov. 1992. Escherichia coli serotyping and disease in man and animals. Can. J. Microbiol.38:699-704.","journal-title":"Can. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.54.3.646-653.1986"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/35054089","volume":"409","year":"2001","unstructured":"Perna, N. T., G. Plunkett III, V. Burland, B. Mau, J. D. Glasner, D. J. Rose, G. F. Mayhew, P. S. Evans, J. Gregor, H. A. Kirkpatrick, G. Posfai, J. Hackett, S. Klink, A. Boutin, Y. Shao, L. Miller, E. J. Grotbeck, N. W. Davis, A. Lim, E. T. Dimalanta, K. D. Potamousis, J. Apodaca, T. S. Anantharaman, J. Lin, G. Yen, D. C. Schwartz, R. A. Welch, and F. R. Blattner. 2001. Genome sequence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Nature409:529-533.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/17.5.1907","volume":"17","year":"1989","unstructured":"Reiter, W., D. P. Palm, and S. Yeats. 1989. Transfer RNA genes frequently serve as integration sites for prokaryotic genetic elements. Nucleic Acids Res.17:1907-1914.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","first-page":"230","volume":"19","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rode, C. K., L. J. Melkerson-Watson, A. T. Johnson, and C. A. Bloch. 1999. Type-specific contributions to chromosome size differences in Escherichia coli. Infect. Immun.19:230-236.","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14668","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.26.14668","volume":"97","year":"2000","unstructured":"Salama, N., K. Guillemin, T. K. McDaniel, G. Sherlock, L. Tompkins, and S. Falkow. 2000. A whole-genome microarray reveals genetic diversity among Helicobacter pylori strains. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA97:14668-14673.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","unstructured":"Sambrook J. E. F. Fritsch and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Cold Spring Harbor N.Y."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1086\/314537","volume":"179","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schmidt, H., C. Geitz, P. I. Tarr, M. Frosch, and H Karch. 1999. Non-O157:H7 pathogenic Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: phenotypic and genetic profiling of virulence traits and evidence for clonality. J. Infect. Dis.179:115-123.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4668","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.062526099","volume":"99","year":"2002","unstructured":"Smoot, J. C., K. D. Barbian, J. J. Van Gompel, L. M. Smoot, M. S. Chaussee, G. L. Sylva, D. E. Sturdevant, S. M. Ricklefs, S. F. Porcella, L. D. Parkins, S. B. Beres, D. S. Campbell, T. M. Smith, Q. Zhang, V. Kapur, J. A. Daly, L. G. Veasy, and J. M. Musser. 2002. Genome sequence and comparative microarray analysis of serotype M18 group A Streptococcus strains associated with acute rheumatic fever outbreaks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA99:4668-4673.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.17.4690-4698.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/0769-2609(88)90111-1","volume":"139","year":"1988","unstructured":"Van Vliet, F., A. Boyen, and N. Glansdorff. 1988. On interspecies gene transfer: the case of the argF gene of Escherichia coli. Ann. Inst. Pasteur Microbiol.139:493-496.","journal-title":"Ann. Inst. Pasteur Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","first-page":"185","volume":"39","year":"1973","unstructured":"Wriston, J. C., and T. O. Yellin. 1973. l-Asparaginase: a review. Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol.39:185-248.","journal-title":"Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00268431","volume":"181","year":"1981","unstructured":"York, H. K., and M. Stodolsky. 1981. Characterization of P1argF derivatives from Escherichia coli K12 transduction. I. IS1 elements flank the argF gene segment. Mol. Gen. Genet.181:230-240.","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Genet."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.4.2009-2015.2000"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JB.185.6.1831-1840.2003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JB.185.6.1831-1840.2003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T18:12:45Z","timestamp":1627582365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JB.185.6.1831-1840.2003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,15]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JB.185.6.1831-1840.2003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.185.6.1831-1840.2003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9193","1098-5530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9193","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5530","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-08-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2002-12-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}