{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:09:08Z","timestamp":1790968148888,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,1]],"date-time":"2003-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1051747200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We previously reported that the methicillin resistance gene\n            <jats:italic>mecA<\/jats:italic>\n            is carried by a novel type of mobile genetic element, SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            (staphylococcal cassette chromosome\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            ), in the chromosome of methicillin-resistant\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            (MRSA). These elements are precisely excised from the chromosome and integrated into a specific site on the recipient chromosome by a pair of recombinase proteins encoded by the cassette chromosome recombinase genes\n            <jats:italic>ccrA<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>ccrB.<\/jats:italic>\n            In the present work, we detected homologues of the\n            <jats:italic>ccr<\/jats:italic>\n            genes in\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus hominis<\/jats:italic>\n            type strain GIFU12263 (equivalent to ATCC 27844), which is susceptible to methicillin. Sequence determination revealed that the\n            <jats:italic>ccr<\/jats:italic>\n            homologues in\n            <jats:italic>S. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n            were type 1\n            <jats:italic>ccr<\/jats:italic>\n            genes (\n            <jats:italic>ccrA1<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>ccrB1<\/jats:italic>\n            ) that were localized on a genetic element structurally very similar to SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            except for the absence of the methicillin-resistance gene,\n            <jats:italic>mecA.<\/jats:italic>\n            This genetic element had mosaic-like patterns of homology with extant SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            elements, and we designated it SCC\n            <jats:sub>12263<\/jats:sub>\n            and considered it a type I staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC). The\n            <jats:italic>ccrB1<\/jats:italic>\n            gene identified in the\n            <jats:italic>S. hominis<\/jats:italic>\n            strain is the first type 1\n            <jats:italic>ccrB<\/jats:italic>\n            gene discovered to retain its function through the excision process as judged by two criteria: (i) SCC\n            <jats:sub>12263<\/jats:sub>\n            was spontaneously excised during cultivation of the strain and (ii) introduction of the\n            <jats:italic>S. hominis ccrB1<\/jats:italic>\n            into an MRSA strain carrying a type I SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            whose\n            <jats:italic>ccrB1<\/jats:italic>\n            gene is inactive generated SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            excisants at a high frequency. The existence of an SCC without a\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            determinant is indicative of a staphylococcal site-specific mobile genetic element that serves as a vehicle of transfer for various genetic markers between staphylococcal species.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.185.9.2711-2722.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,16]],"date-time":"2003-04-16T21:03:42Z","timestamp":1050527022000},"page":"2711-2722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Identification in Methicillin-Susceptible\n            <i>Staphylococcus hominis<\/i>\n            of an Active Primordial Mobile Genetic Element for the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome\n            <i>mec<\/i>\n            of Methicillin-Resistant\n            <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Yuki","family":"Katayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Research InstituteInternational Medical Center of Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumihiko","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Organization for Pharmaceutical Safety and Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teruyo","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Research InstituteInternational Medical Center of Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao Xue","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Research InstituteInternational Medical Center of Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Ui-Mizutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ichizo","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Hiramatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Research InstituteInternational Medical Center of Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/16495","volume":"397","year":"1999","unstructured":"Alm, R. A., L. S. Ling, D. T. Moir, B. L. King, E. D. Brown, P. C. Doig, D. R. Smith, B. Noonan, B. C. Guild, B. L. Jonge, G. Carmel, P. J. Tummino, A. Caruso, M. Uria-Nickelsen, D. M. Mills, C. Ives, R. Gibson, D. Merberg, S. D. Mills, Q. Jiang, D. E. Taylor, G. F. Vovis, and T. J. Trust. 1999. Genomic-sequence comparison of two unrelated isolates of the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori.Nature397:176-180.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.4.924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08713-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"Byrne M. E. T. G. Littlejohn and R. A. Skurray. 1990. Transposons and insertion sequences in the evolution of multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus p. 1303-1311. In R. P. Novick (ed.) Molecular biology of Staphylococci. VCH Publishers New York N.Y."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.17.5164-5173.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grindley N. D. F. 2002. The movement of Tn 3 -like elements: transposition and cointegrate resolution p. 272-302. In N. L. Craig R. Craig M. Gellert and A. M. Lambowitz (ed.) Mobile DNA II. American Society for Microbiology Washington D.C.","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555817954.ch14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"199","volume":"42","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hanaki, H., K. Kuwahara-Arai, S. Boyle-Vavra, R. S. Daum, H. Labischinski, and K. Hiramatsu. 1998. Activated cell-wall synthesis is associated with vancomycin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical strains Mu3 and Mu50. J. Antimicrob. Chemother.42:199-209.","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02436.x","volume":"40","year":"2001","unstructured":"Handa, N., Y. Nakayama, M. Sadykov, and I. Kobayashi. 2001. Experimental genome evolution: large-scale genome rearrangements associated with resistance to replacement of a chromosomal restriction-modification gene complex. Mol. Microbiol.40:932-940.","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.158.2.513-516.1984"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1992.tb02043.x","volume":"36","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hiramatsu, K., H. Kihara, and T. Yokota. 1992. Analysis of borderline-resistant strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using polymerase chain reaction. Microbiol. Immunol.36:445-453.","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"133","volume":"298","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hiramatsu, K., K. Asada, E. Suzuki, K. Okonogi, and T. Yokota. 1991. Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence determination of the regulator region of mecA gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). FEBS Lett.298:133-136.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(01)02175-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1078\/1438-4221-00184","volume":"292","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hiramatsu, K., Y. Katayama, H. Yuzawa, and T. Ito. 2002. Molecular genetics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Int. J. Med. Microbiol.292:1-8.","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02351563","volume":"2","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hiramatsu, K., N. Kondo, and T. Ito. 1996. Genetic bases for molecular epidemiology of MRSA. J. Infect. Chemother.2:117-129.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.19.5709-5717.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.2.752-754.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.6.1449"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.5.1323-1336.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson C. 2002. Bacterial site-specific DNA inversion system p. 230-271. In N. L. Craig R. Craig M. Gellert and A. M. Lambowitz (ed.) Mobile DNA II. American Society for Microbiology Washington D.C.","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555817954.ch13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.6.1549-1555.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.7.1955-1963.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.7.2038-2042.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5751","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)83613-4","volume":"264","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kita, K., H. Kotani, H. Sugisaki, and M. Takanami. 1989. The FokI restriction-modification system I. Organization and nucleotide sequences of the restriction and modification genes. J. Biol. Chem.264:5751-5756.","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"4167","volume":"25","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kita, K., M. Suisha, H. Kotani, H. Yanase, and N. Kato. 1992. Cloning and sequence analysis of the StsI restriction-modification gene: presence of homology to FokI restriction-modification enzymes. Nucleic Acids Res.25:4167-4172.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.18.3742","volume":"29","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kobayashi, I. 2001. Behavior of restriction-modification systems as selfish mobile elements and their impact on genome evolution. Nucleic. Acids Res.29:3742-3756.","journal-title":"Nucleic. Acids Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04403-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.12.2680"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.13.3623-3629.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.4.1147-1152.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.167.3.975-980.1986"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.23.6862-6868.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7846533","volume":"267","year":"1995","unstructured":"Naito, T., K. Kisano, and I. Kobayashi. 1995. Selfish behaviour of restriction-modification system. Science267:897-899.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(00)00456-X","volume":"259","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nobusato, A., I. Uchiyama, S. Ohashi, and I. Kobayashi. 2000. Insertion with long target duplication: a mechanism for restriction-modification-mediated gene mobility suggested from comparison of two complete bacterial genomes. Gene259:99-108.","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.16.4823-4838.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.11.4289-4294.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10766290152773365"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(85)80036-3","volume":"192","year":"1985","unstructured":"Reynolds, P. E., and D. F. J. Brown. 1985. Penicillin-binding proteins of beta-lactam-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.FEBS Lett.192:28-32.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","unstructured":"Schleifer K. H. 1986. Gram-positive cocci p. 999-1002. In P. H. A. Sneath N. S. Mair M. E. Sharpe and J. G. Holt (ed.) Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Williams & Wilkins Baltimore Md."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(87)80373-3","volume":"221","year":"1987","unstructured":"Song, M. D., M. Wachi, M. Doi, F. Ishino, and M. Matsuhashi. 1987. Evolution of an inducible penicillin-target protein in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by gene fusion. FEBS Lett.221:167-171.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","first-page":"338","volume":"71","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sugisaki, H. 1993. Nucleotide sequence of the gene of HgaI restriction endonuclease. Bull. Inst. Chem. Res. Kyoto Univ.71:338-342.","journal-title":"Bull. Inst. Chem. Res. Kyoto Univ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5757","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)83614-6","volume":"264","year":"1989","unstructured":"Sugisaki, H., K. Kita, and M. Takanami. 1989. The FokI restriction-modification system II. Presence of two domains in FokI methylase responsible for modification of different DNA strands. J. Biol. Chem.264:5757-5761.","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13952","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)92795-X","volume":"266","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sugisaki, H., K. Yamamoto, and M. Takanami. 1991. The HgaI restriction-modification system contains two cytosine methylase genes responsible for modification of different DNA strands. J. Biol. Chem.266:13952-13957.","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01349.x","volume":"6","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sugiura, A., K. Nakashima, and T. Mizuno. 1992. Clarification of the structural and functional features of the osmoregulated kdp operon of Escherichia coli.Mol. Microbiol.6:1769-1776.","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.6.1219"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13575.x","volume":"174","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tatusova, T. A., and T. L. Madden. 1999. Blast 2 sequences\u2014a new tool for comparing protein and nucleotide sequences. FEMS Microbiol. Lett.174:247-250.","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.28.3.397"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.3.564"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.2.236-242.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1038\/85029","volume":"8","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zubieta, C., X. Z. He, R. A. Dixon, and J. P. Noel. 2001. Structures of two natural product methyltransferases reveal the basis for substrate specificity in plant O-methyltransferases. Nat. Struct. Biol.8:271-279.","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Biol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Bacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JB.185.9.2711-2722.2003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JB.185.9.2711-2722.2003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T18:14:13Z","timestamp":1627582453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JB.185.9.2711-2722.2003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JB.185.9.2711-2722.2003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.185.9.2711-2722.2003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9193","1098-5530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9193","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5530","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-12-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2003-02-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}