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These genomes were compared with other sequenced mycoplasma genomes reported in the literature to examine several aspects of mycoplasma evolution. Strain-specific regions, including integrative and conjugal elements, and genome rearrangements and alterations in adhesin sequences were observed in the<jats:italic>M. hyopneumoniae<\/jats:italic>strains, and all of these were potentially related to pathogenicity. Genomic comparisons revealed that reduction in genome size implied loss of redundant metabolic pathways, with maintenance of alternative routes in different species. Horizontal gene transfer was consistently observed between<jats:italic>M. synoviae<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Mycoplasma gallisepticum<\/jats:italic>. Our analyses indicated a likely transfer event of hemagglutinin-coding DNA sequences from<jats:italic>M. gallisepticum<\/jats:italic>to<jats:italic>M. synoviae<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.187.16.5568-5577.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,3]],"date-time":"2005-08-03T03:09:11Z","timestamp":1123038551000},"page":"5568-5577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":236,"title":["Swine and Poultry Pathogens: the Complete Genome Sequences of Two Strains of<i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae<\/i>and a Strain of<i>Mycoplasma synoviae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"187","author":[{"given":"Ana Tereza R.","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LNCC\/MCT, Petro\u0301polis, RJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrique B.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiano V.","family":"Bizarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandro L.","family":"Bonatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontifi\u0301cia Universidade Cato\u0301lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos O.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo M.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darcy F.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz G. 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