{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T20:09:24Z","timestamp":1791144564188,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]],"date-time":"2006-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antibiotics that interfere with DNA replication and cell viability activate the SOS response. In<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, the antibiotic-induced SOS response promotes replication and high-frequency horizontal transfer of pathogenicity island-encoded virulence factors. Here we report that \u03b2-lactams induce a bona fide SOS response in<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>, characterized by the activation of the RecA and LexA proteins, the two master regulators of the SOS response. Moreover, we show that \u03b2-lactams are capable of triggering staphylococcal prophage induction in<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>lysogens. Consequently, and as previously described for SOS induction by commonly used fluoroquinolone antibiotics, \u03b2-lactam-mediated phage induction also resulted in replication and high-frequency transfer of the staphylococcal pathogenicity islands, showing that such antibiotics may have the unintended consequence of promoting the spread of bacterial virulence factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.188.7.2726-2729.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,17]],"date-time":"2006-03-17T09:27:51Z","timestamp":1142587671000},"page":"2726-2729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":312,"title":["\u03b2-Lactam Antibiotics Induce the SOS Response and Horizontal Transfer of Virulence Factors in<i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"Maiques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qui\u0301mica, Bioqui\u0301mica y Biologi\u0301a Molecular, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46113 Moncada, Valencia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carles","family":"U\u0301beda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qui\u0301mica, Bioqui\u0301mica y Biologi\u0301a Molecular, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46113 Moncada, Valencia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Campoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noelia","family":"Salvador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Gene\u0300tica i Microbiologia, Universitat Auto\u0301noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I\u0301n\u0303igo","family":"Lasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agrobiotecnologi\u0301a y Recursos Naturales, CSIC\u2014Universidad Pu\u0301blica de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Navarra"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Novick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skirball Institute, New York University Medical Center, 540 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Barbe\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Gene\u0300tica i Microbiologia, Universitat Auto\u0301noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose\u0301 R.","family":"Penade\u0301s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qui\u0301mica, Bioqui\u0301mica y Biologi\u0301a Molecular, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46113 Moncada, Valencia"},{"name":"Centro de Investigacio\u0301n y Tecnologi\u0301a Animal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (CITA-IVIA), Apdo. 187, 12.400 Segorbe, Castello\u0301n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02241","volume":"427","year":"2004","unstructured":"Beaber, J. 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