{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T09:53:28Z","timestamp":1695635608333},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1961,9,1]],"date-time":"1961-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":-263001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1961,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:sc>Hardy, Frank<\/jats:sc>M. (U. S. Army Chemical Corps, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland),<jats:sc>and Arthur Brown<\/jats:sc>. Growth of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in L cells. II. Growth in submerged culture. J. Bacteriol.<jats:bold>82:<\/jats:bold>449\u2013457. 1961.\u2014The detailed kinetics of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus multiplication and release and the progressive cell death due to the virus infection were studied in a uniformly susceptible L cell population. The adsorption phase was complete in approximately 15 min with multiplicities of 1, 10, and 100 MICLD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>. An eclipse phase showing the disappearance of some of the infectious virus activity lasted between 3 and 4 hr. An exponential increase of cell-associated and free virus then occurred until peak titer was reached (16 to 18 hr). Relatively constant titers of cell-associated or free virus were obtained from the time peak titer was attained until the 52nd hour of incubation. At that time the cell-associated titer declined more rapidly than the free virus titer. These constant titers, however, masked a continued production and release of new infectious virus. By viable and nonviable cell counts, it was determined that cell death occurred relatively late in the phase of constant growth and release.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.82.3.449-457.1961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T21:20:18Z","timestamp":1578086418000},"page":"449-457","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["GROWTH OF VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS IN L CELLS II"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Frank M.","family":"Hardy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U. S. Army Chemical Corps, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arthur","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U. S. Army Chemical Corps, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"p_1","unstructured":"BURNET F. M. 1955. Principles of animal virology p. 127-156. In Multiplication and liberation of viruses. Academic Press Inc. New York."},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.99.2.183","article-title":"One-step growth curve of Western equine encephalomyelitis virus on chicken embryo cells in vitro and analysis of virus yields from single cells","volume":"99","author":"DULBECCO R.","year":"1954","unstructured":"DULBECCO , R. , AND M. VOGT. 1954 . One-step growth curve of Western equine encephalomyelitis virus on chicken embryo cells in vitro and analysis of virus yields from single cells . J. Exptl. Med. 99 : 183 - 199 .","journal-title":"J. Exptl. Med."},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(56)90009-5","article-title":"The use of HeLa cells in suspension for the quantitative study of virus propagation","volume":"2","author":"GIRARDI A. J.","year":"1956","unstructured":"GIRARDI , A. J. , M. C. HARRISON , JR. , AND W. HENLE. 1956 . The use of HeLa cells in suspension for the quantitative study of virus propagation . Virology 2 : 532 - 544 .","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"p_4","first-page":"21","article-title":"The growth of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in various tissue cultures","volume":"70","author":"HARDY F. M.","year":"1959","unstructured":"HARDY , F. M. 1959 . The growth of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in various tissue cultures . Am. J. Hyg. 70 : 21 - 27 .","journal-title":"Am. J. Hyg."},{"key":"p_5","unstructured":"HARDY F. M. AND A. BROWN. 1961. Growth of 1961] GROWTH OF VIRUS IN SUBMERGED CULTURE OF L CELLS. II"},{"key":"p_6","unstructured":"Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in"},{"key":"p_7","unstructured":"L cells. I. Growth in monolayer culture. J."},{"key":"p_8","unstructured":"Bacteriol. 81:20-27."},{"key":"p_9","first-page":"258","article-title":"The foj 7mation of plaques by two strains of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus","volume":"73","author":"HARDY F. M.","year":"1961","unstructured":"HARDY , F. M. , AND H. J. HEARN , JR. 1961 . The foj 7mation of plaques by two strains of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus . Am. J. Hyg. 73 : 258 - 262 .","journal-title":"Am. J. Hyg."},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.79.5.428","article-title":"The submerged culture of mammalian cells: The spinner culture","volume":"79","author":"LIMANS W. F.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Mc LIMANS , W. F. , E. V. DAVIS , F. L. GLOVER , A ND G . W. RAKE. 1957 . The submerged culture of mammalian cells: The spinner culture . J. Immunol. 79 : 428 - 433 .","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"p_11","unstructured":"McLIMANS W. F. 1958. Poliomyelitis papers and discussions presented at the Fourth International Poliomyelitis Conference pp. 284-287. J. B. Lippincott Company Philadelphia."},{"key":"p_12","first-page":"496","article-title":"Factors influencing the proliferation of viruses","volume":"15","author":"MELNICK J. L.","year":"1957","unstructured":"MELNICK , J. L. , C. D. HSIUNG , C. RAPPAPORT , D. HOWES , A ND M . REISSIG. 1957 . Factors influencing the proliferation of viruses . Texas Rept. Biol. Med. 15 : 496 - 533 . 457","journal-title":"Texas Rept. Biol. Med."},{"key":"p_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-73-17557","article-title":"Nutrition of animal cells in tissue culture. I. Initial studies on a synthetic medium","volume":"73","author":"MORGAN J. F.","year":"1950","unstructured":"MORGAN , J. F. , H. J. MORTON , A ND R . C. PARKS. 1950 . Nutrition of animal cells in tissue culture. I. Initial studies on a synthetic medium . Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 73 : 1 - 8 .","journal-title":"Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med."},{"key":"p_14","first-page":"493","article-title":"A simple method of determining fifty per cent endpoints","volume":"27","author":"REED L. J.","year":"1938","unstructured":"REED , L. J. , AND H. MUENCH. 1938 . A simple method of determining fifty per cent endpoints . Am. J. Hyg. 27 : 493 - 497 .","journal-title":"Am. J. Hyg."},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.101.2.205","article-title":"The maturation of Western equine encephalomyelitis virus and its release from chicken embryo cells in suspension","volume":"101","author":"RUBIN H., M.","year":"1955","unstructured":"RUBIN , H., M. BALUDA , A ND J . E. HOTCHIN. 1955 . The maturation of Western equine encephalomyelitis virus and its release from chicken embryo cells in suspension . J. Exptl. Med. 101 : 205 - 212 .","journal-title":"J. Exptl. Med."},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WECKER E. AND W. SCHAEFER. 1957. Eine infektiose Komponente von Ribonucleinsaure-charakter ausedem Virus der Amerikanischen Pferde-Encephalomyelitis (Typ Ost). Z. Naturforsch. 12b:415.","DOI":"10.1515\/znb-1957-0615"},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.47.3.278","article-title":"Inhibition of viral RNA synthesis by parafluorophenylalanine","author":"WECKER E.","year":"1961","unstructured":"WECKER , E. , AND E. SCHONNE. 1961 . Inhibition of viral RNA synthesis by parafluorophenylalanine . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. 47: 278 - 282 .","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 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