{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T13:29:51Z","timestamp":1770730191577,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1965,9,1]],"date-time":"1965-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":-136771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1965,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:sc>Converse<\/jats:sc>\n            , J. L. (U.S. Army Biological Laboratories, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md.), G. A.\n            <jats:sc>Deauville, E. M. Snyder, J. G. Ray, and M. E. Seaquist<\/jats:sc>\n            . Control of tissue reactions in monkeys vaccinated with viable\n            <jats:italic>Coccidioides immitis<\/jats:italic>\n            by prevaccination with killed\n            <jats:italic>Coccidioides immities<\/jats:italic>\n            . J. Bacteriol.\n            <jats:bold>90:<\/jats:bold>\n            783\u2013788. 1965.\u2014Control of undesirable tissue reactions resulting from the subcutaneous injection of 150 viable arthrospores of\n            <jats:italic>Coccidioides immitis<\/jats:italic>\n            (strain D-76) was obtained by four injections of formalin-killed arthrospores 14, 12, 8, and 4 weeks (total dose, 36 mg) before injection of the viable arthrospores. Only 6 and 12% of these vaccinated animals exhibited ulceration and lymphadenopathy, respectively, as compared with 100 and 83% of the animals receiving only the viable vaccine. Agar-gel immunodiffusion precipitin titers of approximately 1:64 were evident 3 months after vaccination in animals receiving both vaccines, as compared with 1:128 in those injected with the viable vaccine alone. The above data indicated that somatic reactions to injection of a viable vaccine could be eliminated by preinjection of a killed vaccine. However, 6 months after vaccination, respiratory challenge (7,500 strain Cash arthrospores) indicated that this treatment also impaired the protective effect of the viable vaccine. All animals receiving both vaccines developed mild pulmonary coccidioidomycosis, whereas only 50% of the animals receiving only the viable vaccine were infected. In addition, the group receiving both vaccines demonstrated a more rapid and higher postchallenge precipitin titer. All vaccinated animals (those receiving the killed, the viable, or a combination of the two vaccines) survived for 4 months after challenge, as compared with 88% mortality (50% within 14 days) in the nonvaccinated controls.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.90.3.783-788.1965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T21:36:59Z","timestamp":1578087419000},"page":"783-788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Control of Tissue Reactions in Monkeys Vaccinated with Viable\n            <i>Coccidioides immitis<\/i>\n            by Prevaccination with Killed\n            <i>Coccidioides immitis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"J. L.","family":"Converse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Biological Laboratories, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. A.","family":"Deauville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Biological Laboratories, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. M.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Biological Laboratories, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. G.","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Biological Laboratories, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. E.","family":"Seaquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Biological Laboratories, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.87.5.1216-1220.1964","article-title":"Antibiotic control of tissue reactions in dogs vaccinated with viable Coccidioides immitis","volume":"87","author":"CASTLEBERRY M. W.","year":"1964","unstructured":"CASTLEBERRY , M. W. , J. L. CONVERSE , A ND P . J. SOTO , JR. 1964 . Antibiotic control of tissue reactions in dogs vaccinated with viable Coccidioides immitis . J. Bacteriol. 87 : 1216 - 1220 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.84.1.46-52.1962","article-title":"Immunization of mice against coccidioidomycosis","volume":"84","author":"CONVERSE J. L.","year":"1962","unstructured":"CONVERSE , J. L. , M. W. CASTLEBERRY , A. R. BESEMER , A ND E . M. SNYDER. 1962 a. Immunization of mice against coccidioidomycosis . J. Bacteriol. 84 : 46 - 52 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_3","unstructured":"CONVERSE J. L. M. W. CASTLEBERRY AND E. M. SNYDER. 1961. An experimental viable vaccine against pulmonary coccidioidomycosis in monkeys. Trans. 6th Ann. Veterans Administration-Armed Forces Coccidioidomycosis Study Group."},{"key":"p_4","unstructured":"CONVERSE J. L. S. P. PAKES E. M. SNYDER AND M. W. CASTLEBERRY. 1962b. Experimental primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis in the monkey. Trans. 7th Ann. Veterans Administration-Armed Forces Coccidioidomycosis Study Group."},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.75.3.265-271.1958","article-title":"Nutritional requirements for the growth and arthrospore formation of Coccidioides immitis","volume":"75","author":"GOLDSCHMIDT E. P.","year":"1958","unstructured":"GOLDSCHMIDT , E. P. , AND G. W. TAYLOR. 1958 . Nutritional requirements for the growth and arthrospore formation of Coccidioides immitis . J. Bacteriol. 75 : 265 - 271 .","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-59-1-84","article-title":"Primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis. Visible classic demonstration of delayed hypersensitivity","volume":"59","author":"GOODMAN D. H.","year":"1963","unstructured":"GOODMAN , D. H. , AND B. SCHABARUM. 1963 . Primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis. Visible classic demonstration of delayed hypersensitivity . Ann. Internal Med. 59 : 84 - 90 .","journal-title":"Ann. Internal Med."},{"key":"p_7","first-page":"596","article-title":"Granuloma coccidioides","volume":"14","author":"GUY W. H.","year":"1926","unstructured":"GUY , W. H. , AND F. M. JACOBS. 1926 . Granuloma coccidioides . Arch. Dermatol. Syphilis 14 : 596 .","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. 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Study p. 29."},{"key":"p_11","first-page":"244","article-title":"Response of monikeys to respiratory challenge following subcutaneous inoculation with Coccidioides imniitis","volume":"82","author":"PAPPAGIANIS D., R.","year":"1960","unstructured":"PAPPAGIANIS , D., R. L. MILLER , C. E. SMITH , A ND G . S. KOBAYASHI. 1960 . Response of monikeys to respiratory challenge following subcutaneous inoculation with Coccidioides imniitis . Am. Rev. Respirat. Diseases 82 : 244 - 250 .","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Respirat. Diseases"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1959.98","article-title":"Experimental subcutaneous coccidioidal infection in the mouise","volume":"32","author":"PAPPAGIANIS","year":"1959","unstructured":"PAPPAGIANIS , 1)., C. E. SMITH , R. J. BERMAN , A ND G . S. KOBAYASHI. 1959 . Experimental subcutaneous coccidioidal infection in the mouise . J. Invest. Dermatol. 32 : 589 - 598 .","journal-title":"J. Invest. 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The public health significance of coccidioidomycosis. Proe. Symp. Coccidioidomycosis U.S. Public Health Service."},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1956.01550100073014","article-title":"Primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis. Report of a case of laboratory infection","volume":"74","author":"TRIMBLE J. R.","year":"1956","unstructured":"TRIMBLE , J. R. , AND J. DOUCETTE. 1956 . Primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis. Report of a case of laboratory infection . Arch. Dermatol. 74 : 405 - 410 .","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"p_17","first-page":"233","article-title":"Primary cutaneouis coccidioidomycosis. The criteria for diagnosis and report of a case","volume":"79","author":"WILSON J. W.","year":"1953","unstructured":"WILSON , J. W. , C. E. SMITH , AND 0. A. PLUNKETT. 1953 . Primary cutaneouis coccidioidomycosis. The criteria for diagnosis and report of a case . Calif. Med. 79 : 233 - 239 .","journal-title":"Calif. 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