{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T03:57:35Z","timestamp":1790740655554,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]],"date-time":"2017-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A curated Web-based user-friendly sequence typing tool based on antimicrobial resistance determinants in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            was developed and is publicly accessible (\n            <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/ngstar.canada.ca\">https:\/\/ngstar.canada.ca<\/jats:ext-link>\n            ). The\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            Sequence Typing for Antimicrobial Resistance (NG-STAR) molecular typing scheme uses the DNA sequences of 7 genes (\n            <jats:italic>penA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>mtrR<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>porB<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>ponA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>parC<\/jats:italic>\n            , and 23S rRNA) associated with resistance to \u03b2-lactam antimicrobials, macrolides, or fluoroquinolones. NG-STAR uses the entire\n            <jats:italic>penA<\/jats:italic>\n            sequence, combining the historical nomenclature for\n            <jats:italic>penA<\/jats:italic>\n            types I to XXXVIII with novel nucleotide sequence designations; the full\n            <jats:italic>mtrR<\/jats:italic>\n            sequence and a portion of its promoter region; portions of\n            <jats:italic>ponA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>porB<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>parC<\/jats:italic>\n            ; and 23S rRNA sequences. NG-STAR grouped 768 isolates into 139 sequence types (STs) (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 660) consisting of 29 clonal complexes (CCs) having a maximum of a single-locus variation, and 76 NG-STAR STs (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 109) were identified as unrelated singletons. NG-STAR had a high Simpson's diversity index value of 96.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.959 to 0.969). The most common STs were NG-STAR ST-90 (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 100; 13.0%), ST-42 and ST-91 (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 45; 5.9%), ST-64 (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 44; 5.72%), and ST-139 (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 42; 5.5%). Decreased susceptibility to azithromycin was associated with NG-STAR ST-58, ST-61, ST-64, ST-79, ST-91, and ST-139 (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 156; 92.3%); decreased susceptibility to cephalosporins was associated with NG-STAR ST-90, ST-91, and ST-97 (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 162; 94.2%); and ciprofloxacin resistance was associated with NG-STAR ST-26, ST-90, ST-91, ST-97, ST-150, and ST-158 (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 196; 98.0%). All isolates of NG-STAR ST-42, ST-43, ST-63, ST-81, and ST-160 (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 106) were susceptible to all four antimicrobials. The standardization of nomenclature associated with antimicrobial resistance determinants through an internationally available database will facilitate the monitoring of the global dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00100-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]],"date-time":"2017-02-23T01:30:21Z","timestamp":1487813421000},"page":"1454-1468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":187,"title":["Neisseria gonorrhoeae Sequence Typing for Antimicrobial Resistance, a Novel Antimicrobial Resistance Multilocus Typing Scheme for Tracking Global Dissemination of N. gonorrhoeae Strains"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Demczuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Agency of Canada, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sidhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Agency of Canada, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Unemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and Other STIs, \u00d6rebro University Hospital, \u00d6rebro, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. M.","family":"Whiley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. G.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Ontario Laboratories, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. R.","family":"Dillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health England, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Seah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Ontario Laboratories, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Trembizki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. L.","family":"Trees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. N.","family":"Kersh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"Abrams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. J. 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