{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:15:09Z","timestamp":1785428109020,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"SOS Oxygene France","award":["1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Diagnosing pulmonary diseases caused by non-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fumigatus Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species remains challenging. We conducted a single-center, retrospective observational study in a French Respiratory Medicine Department. Patients with at least one respiratory sample positive for a non-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fumigatus Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species, without concurrent\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolation over a 12-month period, were included. The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of pulmonary events (colonization or pulmonary diseases) associated with non-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fumigatus Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species. Secondary objectives included species characterization and assessment of positive results for available diagnostic tests, including direct examination and fungal culture from respiratory samples, galactomannan in bronchoalveolar lavage, and serum\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      -specific IgG. Between April 2017 and January 2022, 497 patients (39.6%) had cultures positive for non-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fumigatus Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species. Among them, 52 (10.5%) experienced pulmonary events: 36 were colonized, and 16 had a documented pulmonary disease.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus niger<\/jats:italic>\n                      was the most frequently isolated species (41%), followed by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (27%) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus nidulans<\/jats:italic>\n                      (10%). Positive results were observed in 10\/437 (2.3%) samples for direct examination, 75\/808 (9.3%) for fungal culture, 7\/94 (7.4%) for galactomannan in bronchoalveolar lavage, and 12\/49 (24.5%) for serum\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      -specific IgG. Among patients with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">non-fumigatus Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      positive respiratory samples, most were colonized, while nearly one-third had clinically significant pulmonary diseases, underscoring the clinical relevance of these species. Low positivity rates across diagnostic tests underscore the need for repeated respiratory sampling and fungal culture and suggest that assays primarily designed for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      may under-detect these pulmonary events.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Non-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fumigatus Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species are recognized as pulmonary pathogens, but their diagnosis is poorly documented. In this 5-year, single-center study, 497 of 1,256 patients had at least one positive respiratory culture for a non-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species, with 36 considered colonized and 16 with documented lung disease.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. niger<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. flavus,<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. nidulans<\/jats:italic>\n                      accounted for almost four-fifths of the isolates. Routine tests produced poor results, with positivity rates of 2.3% for microscopy, 9.3% for repeat culture, 7.4% for bronchoalveolar galactomannan, and 24.5% for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      serum IgG. Overall, the study shows that non-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species can cause treatable chronic lung disease, but that current diagnostics miss most cases. Until more sensitive tests are available, clinicians must rely on repeated respiratory sampling and culture to identify these infections.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00163-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T13:00:27Z","timestamp":1773838827000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Non-\n                    <i>fumigatus Aspergillus<\/i>\n                    -associated pulmonary events: a diagnostic challenge"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Cendrine","family":"Godet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02en5vm52","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Assistance Publique - H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Tenon, Service de Pneumologie et Oncologie Thoracique, Centre constitutif Maladies pulmonaires rares, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","place":["Paris, France"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02en5vm52","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"GRC 40 Sorbonne study group for Lung Infectious Diseases (SoLID), Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","place":["Paris, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9387-5388","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Valentin","family":"Joste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00pg5jh14","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"H\u00f4pital Bichat, Laboratoire de Parasitologie Mycologie, Assistance Publique - H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","place":["Paris, France"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0495fxg12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"\u00c9quipe Rate, Infections et Parasites, Institut Pasteur","place":["Paris, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Frat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04xhy8q59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"CHU de Poitiers, M\u00e9decine Intensive R\u00e9animation, Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, INSERM, CIC-1402, IS-ALIVE","place":["Poitiers, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00pg5jh14","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"H\u00f4pital Bichat, Service de Radiologie, Assistance Publique - H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","place":["Paris, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Bunel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00pg5jh14","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Univ. 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