{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T11:36:34Z","timestamp":1788521794678,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            O1 classical (CL) biotype caused the fifth and sixth pandemics, and probably the earlier cholera pandemics, before the El Tor (ET) biotype initiated the seventh pandemic in Asia in the 1970s by completely displacing the CL biotype. Although the CL biotype was thought to be extinct in Asia and although it had never been reported from Latin America,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            CL and ET biotypes, including a hybrid ET, were found associated with areas of cholera endemicity in Mexico between 1991 and 1997. In this study, CL biotype strains isolated from areas of cholera endemicity in Mexico between 1983 and 1997 were characterized in terms of major phenotypic and genetic traits and compared with CL biotype strains isolated in Bangladesh between 1962 and 1989. According to sero- and biotyping data, all\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains tested had the major phenotypic and genotypic characteristics specific for the CL biotype. Antibiograms revealed the majority of the Bangladeshi strains to be resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, furazolidone, ampicillin, and gentamicin, while the Mexican strains were sensitive to all of these drugs, as well as to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of NotI-digested genomic DNA revealed characteristic banding patterns for all of the CL biotype strains although the Mexican strains differed from the Bangladeshi strains in 1 to 2 DNA bands. The difference was subtle but consistent, as confirmed by the subclustering patterns in the PFGE-based dendrogram, and can serve as a regional signature, suggesting the pre-1991 existence and evolution of the CL biotype strains in the Americas, independent from Asia.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00189-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,20]],"date-time":"2012-04-20T00:13:41Z","timestamp":1334880821000},"page":"2212-2216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Vibrio cholerae Classical Biotype Strains Reveal Distinct Signatures in Mexico"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Munirul","family":"Alam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Tarequl","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shah Manzur","family":"Rashed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatema-tuz","family":"Johura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nurul A.","family":"Bhuiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico, D.F., Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico, D.F., Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose Luis","family":"Mendez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico, D.F., Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armando","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico, D.F., Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruo","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nur-A","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita R.","family":"Colwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Cravioto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705599104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00866-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/121.Supplement.S17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-9688-9_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/45.4_ts.493"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.3.581-590.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.7.1685-1690.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.7.2594-2597.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","volume-title":"Approved document M45-A2","author":"CLSI","year":"2010","unstructured":"CLSI. 2010. Methods for antimicrobial dilution and disc susceptibility testing of infrequently isolated or fastidious bacteria, 2nd ed. Approved document M45-A2. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.5.1151-1156.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.042667999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.1.173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.31.9.2513-2516.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/142.6.939"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.032458-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.1998.tb01128.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.8.1.48"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)79193-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00720-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.60.7.2597-2601.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2008.00041.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.11.4145-4151.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2204"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.005397-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.31.1.22-25.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.6.2421-2429.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/24.Supplement_1.S102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2009.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)91860-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.3.621"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00189-12","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00189-12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T11:17:42Z","timestamp":1646479062000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.00189-12"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.00189-12"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00189-12","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-01-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-04-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-06-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}