{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T00:32:27Z","timestamp":1784334747039,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The successful\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            O15:K52:H1 clonal group provides a case study for the emergence of multiresistant clonal groups of\n            <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n            generally. Accordingly, we tested the hypotheses that, over time, the O15:K52:H1 clonal group has become increasingly (i) virulent and (ii) resistant to antibiotics. One hundred archived international\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            O15:K52:[H1] clinical isolates from 100 unique patients (1975 to 2006) were characterized for diverse phenotypic and molecular traits. All 100 isolates derived from phylogenetic group D and, presumptively, sequence type ST393. They uniformly carried the F16\n            <jats:italic>papA<\/jats:italic>\n            allele and\n            <jats:italic>papG<\/jats:italic>\n            allele II (P fimbria structural subunit and adhesin variants),\n            <jats:italic>iha<\/jats:italic>\n            (adhesin-siderophore),\n            <jats:italic>fimH<\/jats:italic>\n            (type 1 fimbriae),\n            <jats:italic>fyuA<\/jats:italic>\n            (yersiniabactin receptor),\n            <jats:italic>iutA<\/jats:italic>\n            (aerobactin receptor), and\n            <jats:italic>kpsM<\/jats:italic>\n            II (group 2 capsule); 85% to 89% of them contained a complete copy of the\n            <jats:italic>pap<\/jats:italic>\n            operon and\n            <jats:italic>ompT<\/jats:italic>\n            (outer membrane protease). Slight additional virulence profile variation was evident, particularly within a minor diarrhea-associated subset (biotype C). However, in contrast to the clonal group's fairly stable virulence profiles over the past 30+ years, during the same interval the clonal group members' antimicrobial resistance profiles increased by a mean of 2.8 units per decade (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the numbers of virulence genes and resistance markers were positively associated (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.046), providing evidence against antimicrobial resistance and virulence being mutually exclusive in these strains. Thus, the O15:K52:H1 clonal group has become increasingly resistant to antimicrobials while maintaining (or expanding) its virulence potential, a particularly concerning trend if other emerging multiresistant enterobacterial clonal groups follow a similar pattern.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00230-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T00:58:43Z","timestamp":1238633923000},"page":"1857-1862","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Three-Decade Epidemiological Analysis of\n            <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n            O15:K52:H1"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Bente","family":"Olesen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hiller\u00f8d Hospital, Helsevej 2, DK-3400 Hiller\u00f8d, Denmark"},{"name":"The International Escherichia and Klebsiella Centre (WHO), Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flemming","family":"Scheutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Escherichia and Klebsiella Centre (WHO), Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Menard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne N.","family":"Skov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans J\u00f8rn","family":"Kolmos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Kuskowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.11.2559-2564.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00640-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.10.4555-4558.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.30.10.2680-2685.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.20.7839"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"5798","volume":"4","year":"2003","unstructured":"Johnson, J. 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