{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:43:14Z","timestamp":1783698194161,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"UK\/South Africa Newton Fund","award":["#015NEWTON TB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#015NEWTON TB"]}]},{"name":"UK\/South Africa Newton Fund","award":["#015NEWTON TB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#015NEWTON TB"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R21AI116015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI116015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            South Africa is a country with a high incidence of tuberculosis (TB), complicated by coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The Xpert MTB\/RIF (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) is used in South Africa as the test for the initial diagnosis of TB, and other molecular platforms such as the\n            <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n            2000 (Abbott Molecular, Des Plaines, IL, USA) are widely used for molecular monitoring of HIV load. The latter platform is now also equipped with the RealTi\n            <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n            e (RT) MTB and RealTi\n            <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n            e MTB RIF\/INH assays for TB and first-line drug resistance screening but has not been evaluated in settings of HIV and TB coinfection. A prospective clinical validation study was conducted at a community health center in Johannesburg, South Africa, and consenting individuals with presumptive pulmonary TB were enrolled. The performance of the Abbott assays was compared with those of the Xpert MTB\/RIF, liquid culture, drug susceptibility testing, and clinical case definitions. A statistical analysis was performed on 206 individuals (73% were HIV positive). The sensitivity and specificity of the RT MTB were 82.5% (confidence interval [CI], 67.2 to 92.7) and 93.1% (CI, 86.2 to 97.2) on raw sputum and 77.5% (CI, 61.5 to 89.2) and 95.1% (CI, 88.9 to 98.4) on concentrated sputum, respectively, compared with those from liquid culture. The RT MTB correctly identified 17\/35 more smear-negative culture-positive specimens than the Xpert MTB\/RIF. Both the RT MTB and the Xpert MTB\/RIF displayed sensitivities &gt;70% and specificities &gt;90% in HIV-positive individuals. The available drug resistance results concurred with MTBDR\n            <jats:italic>plus<\/jats:italic>\n            and drug susceptibility profiles. The RT MTB assay has similar diagnostic performance to the Xpert MTB\/RIF and is suited to testing presumptive TB patients coinfected with HIV. The existing laboratory information system connectivity, training, and technical support make this a viable polyvalent option to scale up TB alongside HIV laboratory testing services in South Africa.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00289-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,8]],"date-time":"2017-06-08T00:40:33Z","timestamp":1496882433000},"page":"2491-2501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Performance of the Abbott RealTi\n            <i>m<\/i>\n            e MTB and MTB RIF\/INH Assays in a Setting of High Tuberculosis and HIV Coinfection in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Lesley","family":"Scott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anura","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"},{"name":"National Priority Program, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Noble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matilda","family":"Nduna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Priority Program, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WITS Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francois","family":"Venter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WITS Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"},{"name":"National Priority Program, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2016","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2016. Global tuberculosis report 2016. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/250441\/1\/9789241565394-eng.pdf. Accessed 20 December 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","volume-title":"The end TB strategy: global strategy and targets for tuberculosis prevention, care and control after 2015","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2015. The end TB strategy: global strategy and targets for tuberculosis prevention, care and control after 2015. World Health Organization, Geneva, Swizerland. http:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/strategy\/End_TB_Strategy.pdf. Accessed 20 December 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00477-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00458-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","volume-title":"Policy update","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2013","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2013. Automated real-time nucleic acid amplification technology for rapid and simultaneous detection of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance: Xpert MTB\/RIF assay for the diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB in adults and children. Policy update. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/112472\/1\/9789241506335_eng.pdf. Accessed 20 December 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","volume-title":"The use of molecular line probe assay for the detection of resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin: policy update","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2016. The use of molecular line probe assay for the detection of resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin: policy update. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/250586\/1\/9789241511261-eng.pdf. Accessed 19 December 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","volume-title":"Policy guidance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2016. The use of molecular line probe assays for the detection of mutations associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) and second-line injectable drugs (SLIDs). Policy guidance. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. http:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/WHOPolicyStatementSLLPA.pdf. 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WHO prequalification of in vitro diagnostics public report. Product: Xpert HIV-1 Qual assay. PQDx 0259-070-00. World Heath Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. http:\/\/www.who.int\/diagnostics_laboratory\/evaluations\/pq-list\/hiv-vrl\/160613PQPublicReport_0259-0700-00_XpertQualHIV_v2.pdf. 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Definitions and reporting framework for tuberculosis \u2013 2013 revision (updated December 2014). World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/79199\/1\/9789241505345_eng.pdf. Accessed 18 October 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907847"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01463-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.TBTB2-0040-2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","volume-title":"Mapping laboratory capacity, systems and networks in Africa (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation seminar)","author":"Stevens W","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stevens W. 2016. Mapping laboratory capacity, systems and networks in Africa (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation seminar). Afr Soc Lab Med Conf (ASLM). 3 to 8 December 2016, Durban, South Africa."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","volume-title":"WHO treatment guidelines for drug-resistant tuberculosis: 2016 update","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2016. WHO treatment guidelines for drug-resistant tuberculosis: 2016 update. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. http:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/areas-of-work\/drug-resistant-tb\/MDRTBguidelines2016.pdf. 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