{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:48:23Z","timestamp":1790516903649,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A rapid emergence of azole resistance has been observed in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:named-content>\n            in The Netherlands over the past decade. The dominant resistance mechanism appears to be of environmental origin and involves the TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H mutations in\n            <jats:italic>cyp51A<\/jats:italic>\n            . This resistance mechanism is now also increasingly being found in other countries. Therefore, genetic markers were used to gain more insights into the origin and spread of this genotype. Studies of 142 European isolates revealed that those with the TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H resistance mechanism showed less genetic variation than azole-susceptible isolates or those with a different genetic basis of resistance and were assigned to only four CSP (putative cell surface protein) types. Sexual crossing experiments demonstrated that TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H isolates could outcross with azole-susceptible isolates of different genetic backgrounds, suggesting that TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H isolates can undergo the sexual cycle in nature. Overall, our findings suggest a common ancestor of the TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H mechanism and subsequent migration of isolates harboring TR\n            <jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub>\n            \/L98H across Europe.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00335-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,7]],"date-time":"2012-06-07T02:10:54Z","timestamp":1339035054000},"page":"2674-2680","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Molecular Epidemiology of Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates Harboring the TR\n            <sub>34<\/sub>\n            \/L98H Azole Resistance Mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Simone M. T.","family":"Camps","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Institute for Infection Inflammation and Immunity (N4i), Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonius J. M. M.","family":"Rijs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Institute for Infection Inflammation and Immunity (N4i), Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corn\u00e9 H. 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