{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T07:09:26Z","timestamp":1792393766118,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are recommended for the diagnosis of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            infections because of their superior sensitivity. Increasing NAAT use causes a decline in crucial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance data, which rely on culture. We analyzed the suitability of the ESwab system for NAAT diagnostics and deferred targeted\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            culture to allow selective and efficient culture based on NAAT results. We included patients visiting the STI Clinic Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in 2013. Patient characteristics and urogenital and rectal samples for direct\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            culture, standard NAAT, and ESwab were collected. Standard NAAT and NAAT on ESwab samples were performed using the Aptima Combo 2 assay for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. trachomatis<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Two deferred\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            cultures were performed on NAAT-positive ESwab samples after storage at 4\u00b0C for 1 to 3 days. We included 2,452 samples from 1,893 patients. In the standard NAAT, 107 samples were\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            positive and 284 were\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. trachomatis<\/jats:named-content>\n            positive. The sensitivities of NAAT on ESwab samples were 83% (95% confidence interval [CI], 75 to 90%) and 87% (95% CI, 82 to 90%), respectively. ESwab samples were available for 98 of the gonorrhea-positive samples. Of these, 82% were positive in direct culture and 69% and 56% were positive in the 1st and 2nd deferred cultures, respectively (median storage times, 27 and 48 h, respectively). Deferred culture was more often successful in urogenital samples or when the patient had symptoms at the sampling site. Deferred\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            culture of stored ESwab samples is feasible and enables AMR surveillance. To limit the loss in NAAT sensitivity, we recommend obtaining separate samples for NAAT and deferred culture.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00369-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,2]],"date-time":"2015-04-02T14:57:23Z","timestamp":1427986643000},"page":"1884-1890","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Successful Combination of Nucleic Acid Amplification Test Diagnostics and Targeted Deferred Neisseria gonorrhoeae Culture"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Carolien M.","family":"Wind","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"STI Outpatient Clinic, Cluster of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry J. C.","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STI Outpatient Clinic, Cluster of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten F.","family":"Schim van der Loeff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cluster of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Unemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and Other STIs, National Reference Laboratory for Pathogenic Neisseria, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology, \u00d6rebro University Hospital, \u00d6rebro, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alje P.","family":"van Dam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Cluster of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis General Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06215.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","volume-title":"Emergence of multi-drug resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae\u2013threat of global rise in untreatable sexually transmitted infections","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2011","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2011. Emergence of multi-drug resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae\u2013threat of global rise in untreatable sexually transmitted infections. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. http:\/\/whqlibdoc.who.int\/hq\/2011\/WHO_RHR_11.14_eng.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","volume-title":"Global action plan to control the spread and impact of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2012","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2012. Global action plan to control the spread and impact of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 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Recommendations for the laboratory-based detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae\u20132014. 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Sexually transmitted infections in Europe 1990-2010. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","volume-title":"24th Conf IUSTI-Europe","author":"Chernesky M","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chernesky M, Jang D, Portillo E, Feng Y, Smieja M, Castriciano S. 2008. Diagnostics of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae with Aptima Combo 2 testing of self-collecting vaginal samples using flocked swabs and an ESwab collection and transport system. 24th Conf IUSTI-Europe, Milan, Italy, 4 to 6 September 2008. http:\/\/www.copaninnovation.com\/studies\/download.php?id=858."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00369-15","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00369-15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T12:11:35Z","timestamp":1646482295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.00369-15"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"A. 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