{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:37:24Z","timestamp":1790818644173,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,1]],"date-time":"2010-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1280620800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,8]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Most\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n small-colony variants (SCVs) are auxotrophs for menadione, hemin, or thymidine but rarely for CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n . We conducted a prospective investigation of all clinical cases of CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n -dependent\n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n during a 3-year period. We found 14 CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n -dependent isolates of\n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n from 14 patients that fulfilled all requirements to be considered SCVs, 9 of which were methicillin resistant. The clinical presentations included four cases of catheter-related bacteremia, one complicated by endocarditis; two deep infections (mediastinitis and spondylodiscitis); four wound infections; two respiratory infections; and two cases of nasal colonization. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing showed that the 14 isolates were distributed into 4 types corresponding to sequence types ST125-\n agr<\/jats:italic>\n group II (\n agr<\/jats:italic>\n II), ST30-\n agr<\/jats:italic>\n III, ST34-\n agr<\/jats:italic>\n III, and ST45-\n agr<\/jats:italic>\n I. An array hybridization technique performed on the 14 CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n -dependent isolates and 20\n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n isolates with normal phenotype and representing the same sequence types showed that all possessed the enterotoxin gene cluster\n egc<\/jats:italic>\n , as well as the genes for \u03b1-hemolysin and \u03b4-hemolysin; biofilm genes\n icaA<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n icaC<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n icaD<\/jats:italic>\n ; several microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMM) genes (\n clfA<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n clfB<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n ebh<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n eno<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n fib<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n ebpS<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n sdrC<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n vw<\/jats:italic>\n ); and the\n isaB<\/jats:italic>\n gene. Our study confirms the importance of CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n -dependent SCVs of\n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n as significant pathogens. Clinical microbiologists should be aware of this kind of auxotrophy because recovery and identification are challenging and not routine. Further studies are necessary to determine the incidence of CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n auxotrophs of\n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n , the factors that select these strains in the host, and the genetic basis of this type of auxotrophy.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00520-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,17]],"date-time":"2010-06-17T01:56:56Z","timestamp":1276739816000},"page":"2878-2884","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Infections with CO\n 2<\/sub>\n -Dependent Small-Colony Variants of\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Go\u0301mez-Gonza\u0301lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiologi\u0301a Cli\u0301nica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avenida de Co\u0301rdoba sn, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshi","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiologi\u0301a Cli\u0301nica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avenida de Co\u0301rdoba sn, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiologi\u0301a Cli\u0301nica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avenida de Co\u0301rdoba sn, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Barrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiologi\u0301a Cli\u0301nica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avenida de Co\u0301rdoba sn, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiologi\u0301a Cli\u0301nica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avenida de Co\u0301rdoba sn, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. A\u0301ngeles","family":"Orellana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiologi\u0301a Cli\u0301nica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avenida de Co\u0301rdoba sn, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaqui\u0301n R.","family":"Otero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiologi\u0301a Cli\u0301nica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avenida de Co\u0301rdoba sn, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiologi\u0301a Cli\u0301nica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avenida de Co\u0301rdoba sn, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.8.2.142-147.1978"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01510-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.4.1339-1346.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/502519"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: 16th informational supplement M100-S16. 2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1008-1015.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515238"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.4.1956-1959.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01635.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2008.00426.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/136.3.360"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.7.2155-2161.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.1.95"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1384"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514706"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","first-page":"319","volume":"2","year":"1977","unstructured":"Rahman, M. 1977. 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