{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:10:45Z","timestamp":1792271445538,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]],"date-time":"2014-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Rapid and accurate tests are currently needed to identify individuals with high levels of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Loa loa<\/jats:named-content>\n            microfilaria (mf), so that these individuals may be excluded from mass ivermectin administration campaigns against onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis being conducted in areas where\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Onchocerca volvulus<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Wuchereria bancrofti<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. loa<\/jats:named-content>\n            are coendemic. To address this need, colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays targeting the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. loa<\/jats:named-content>\n            -specific gene sequences LLMF72 and LLMF342 were developed for the detection and quantification of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. loa<\/jats:named-content>\n            microfilaremia. Both LAMP assays were highly specific (100%) for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. loa<\/jats:named-content>\n            infection compared to the absence of infection or infection with related filarial pathogens. The LLMF72-based LAMP assay showed greater analytic sensitivity (limit of detection, 0.1 pg\/ml of genomic DNA [gDNA] and\/or 5 mf\/ml) than the LLMF342-based LAMP assay (10 pg\/ml of gDNA and\/or 50 mf\/ml), and its analytic sensitivity was similar to that of LLMF72-based quantitative PCR (qPCR). A high level of correlation was observed between microfilaria counts as determined by LLMF72-based qPCR and time to positivity by the LAMP assay, and performance measures of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were similar for both assays when applied to field-collected clinical samples. By simply varying the run time, the LAMP assay was able to accurately distinguish individuals at risk for serious adverse events (SAEs) after exposure to ivermectin, using thresholds of &gt;5,000 mf\/ml and &gt;30,000 mf\/ml as indicators of increasing levels of risk. In summary, LLMF72 LAMP represents a new molecular diagnostic tool that is readily applicable as a point-of-care method for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. loa<\/jats:named-content>\n            microfilarial detection and quantification in resource-limited countries where\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. loa<\/jats:named-content>\n            infection is endemic.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00525-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,3]],"date-time":"2014-04-03T06:17:43Z","timestamp":1396505863000},"page":"2071-2077","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Rapid and Semiquantitative Detection of Loa loa Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Papa M.","family":"Drame","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doran L.","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Kamgno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases, Yaounde, Cameroon"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesica A.","family":"Herrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas B.","family":"Nutman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trt020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001605"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001329"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136485907X154511"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"965","article-title":"Intraocular live male filarial Loa loa worm","volume":"2","author":"Eballe AO","year":"2008","unstructured":"EballeAOEpeeEKokiGOwonoDMvogoCEBellaAL. 2008. 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