{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T00:28:11Z","timestamp":1790987291280,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Bacterial contamination of platelet concentrates (PCs) still represents an ongoing risk in transfusion-transmitted sepsis. Recently the Pan Genera Detection (PGD) system was developed and FDA licensed for screening of bacterial contamination of PCs directly prior to transfusion. The test principle is based on the immunological detection of lipopolysaccharide (for Gram-negative bacteria) or lipoteichoic acid (for Gram-positive bacteria). In the present study we analyzed the applicability of this method with regard to detection limit, practicability, implementation, and performance. PCs were spiked with\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n            , and five different\n            <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            strains, as well as eight different\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            strains. The presence of bacteria was assessed by the PGD immunoassay, and bacteria were enumerated by plating cultures. Application of the PGD immunoassay showed that it is a rapid test with a short hands-on time for sample processing and no demand for special technical equipment and instrument operation. The lower detection limits of the assay for Gram-positive bacteria showed a good agreement with the manufacturer's specifications (8.2 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n            to 5.5 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n            CFU\/ml). For some strains of\n            <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            , the PGD test showed analytical sensitivities (&gt;10\n            <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n            CFU\/ml) that were divergent from the designated values (\n            <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            , 2.0 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n            CFU\/ml;\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            , 2.8 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n            CFU\/ml). Result interpretation is sometimes difficult due to very faint bands. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the PGD immunoassay is an easy-to-perform bedside test for the detection of bacterial contamination in PCs. However, to date there are some shortcomings in the interpretation of results and in the detection limits for some strains of Gram-negative bacteria.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00542-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,12]],"date-time":"2010-08-12T02:29:45Z","timestamp":1281580185000},"page":"3475-3481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The Pan Genera Detection Immunoassay: a Novel Point-of-Issue Method for Detection of Bacterial Contamination in Platelet Concentrates"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Tanja","family":"Vollmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universita\u0308tsklinik der Ruhr-Universita\u0308t Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Hinse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universita\u0308tsklinik der Ruhr-Universita\u0308t Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Knut","family":"Kleesiek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universita\u0308tsklinik der Ruhr-Universita\u0308t Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Dreier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universita\u0308tsklinik der Ruhr-Universita\u0308t Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.7.1483-1485.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"59","volume":"108","year":"2002","unstructured":"Blajchman, M. 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