{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:30:21Z","timestamp":1789381821860,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Malaria is the leading identifiable cause of fever in returning travelers. Accurate\n Plasmodium<\/jats:named-content>\n species identification has therapy implications for\n P. vivax<\/jats:named-content>\n and\n P. ovale<\/jats:named-content>\n , which have dormant liver stages requiring primaquine. Compared to microscopy, nucleic acid tests have improved specificity for species identification and higher sensitivity for mixed infections. Here, we describe a SYBR green-based real-time PCR assay for\n Plasmodium<\/jats:named-content>\n species identification from whole blood, which uses a panel of reactions to detect species-specific non-18S rRNA gene targets. A pan-\n Plasmodium<\/jats:named-content>\n 18S rRNA target is also amplified to allow species identification or confirmation by sequencing if necessary. An evaluation of assay accuracy, performed on 76 clinical samples (56 positives using thin smear microscopy as the reference method and 20 negatives), demonstrated clinical sensitivities of 95.2% for\n P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n (20\/21 positives detected) and 100% for the\n Plasmodium<\/jats:named-content>\n genus (52\/52),\n P. vivax<\/jats:named-content>\n (20\/20),\n P. ovale<\/jats:named-content>\n (9\/9), and\n P. malariae<\/jats:named-content>\n (6\/6). The sensitivity of the\n P. knowlesi<\/jats:named-content>\n -specific PCR was evaluated using spiked whole blood samples (100% [10\/10 detected]). The specificities of the real-time PCR primers were 94.2% for\n P. vivax<\/jats:named-content>\n (49\/52) and 100% for\n P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n (51\/51),\n P. ovale<\/jats:named-content>\n (62\/62),\n P. malariae<\/jats:named-content>\n (69\/69), and\n P. knowlesi<\/jats:named-content>\n (52\/52). Thirty-three specimens were used to test species identification by sequencing the pan-\n Plasmodium<\/jats:named-content>\n 18S rRNA PCR product, with correct identification in all cases. The real-time PCR assay also identified two samples with mixed\n P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n and\n P. ovale<\/jats:named-content>\n infection, which was confirmed by sequencing. The assay described here can be integrated into a malaria testing algorithm in low-prevalence areas, allowing definitive\n Plasmodium<\/jats:named-content>\n species identification shortly after malaria diagnosis by microscopy.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00542-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]],"date-time":"2015-05-14T02:21:54Z","timestamp":1431570114000},"page":"2251-2257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Simple Real-Time PCR and Amplicon Sequencing Method for Identification of Plasmodium Species in Human Whole Blood"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Martina I.","family":"Lefterova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indre","family":"Budvytiene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Sandlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"F\u00e4rnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niaz","family":"Banaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"},{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 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of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00542-15","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00542-15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T12:12:50Z","timestamp":1646482370000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.00542-15"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"P. H.","family":"Gilligan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.00542-15"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00542-15","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-03-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-05-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-06-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}