{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:31:53Z","timestamp":1787016713477,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ASMCopyrightv2"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005869","name":"University of Fribourg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005869","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Aztreonam-avibactam (AZA), a newly developed \u03b2-lactam\/\u03b2-lactamase inhibitor combination\n                    <jats:bold>,<\/jats:bold>\n                    is a treatment option for infections due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), including metallo-\u00df-lactamase producers, regardless of additional production of broad-spectrum serine-\u00df-lactamases. However, AZA-resistance has already been reported in Enterobacterales and its early detection could be a valuable tool for faster and more accurate clinical decision-making. We therefore developed a rapid culture-based test for the identification of AZA resistance among multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales. The Rapid Aztreonam\/Avibactam NP test is based on resazurin reduction when bacterial growth occurs in the presence of AZA at 8\/4 \u00b5g\/mL (protocol 1) or 12\/4 \u00b5g\/mL (protocol 2). Given the absence of guidelines on AZA susceptibility testing, two tentative breakpoints were indeed used to categorize AZA-susceptible isolates: \u22644 \u00b5g\/mL in protocol 1 and \u2264 8 \u00b5g\/mL in protocol 2. Bacterial growth was visually detectable by a blue-to-purple or blue-to-pink color change of the medium. A total of 78 enterobacterial isolates (among which 34 AZA-resistant and 13 AZA-resistant according to protocols 1 and 2, respectively) were used to evaluate the test performance using protocol 1 or protocol 2. The sensitivity and specificity of the test were found to be 100% and 97.7%, respectively, following protocol 1 and 100% and 100%, respectively, following protocol 2, in comparison with broth microdilution. All results were obtained within 4.5 hours corresponding to a time saving of ca. 14 hours compared with currently available methods for AZA susceptibility testing. The Rapid Aztreonam\/Avibactam NP test is rapid, highly sensitive, specific, easily interpretable, and easy to implement in routine.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00588-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T09:00:31Z","timestamp":1696410031000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Rapid Aztreonam\/Avibactam NP test for detection of aztreonam\/avibactam susceptibility\/resistance in Enterobacterales"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3270-178X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Viguier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland"},{"name":"Tropical and Infectious Diseases Department, Toulouse University Hospital , Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxime","family":"Bouvier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Sadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University , Qena, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Auriane","family":"Kerbol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Poirel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1343-1622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrice","family":"Nordmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute for Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae","author":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","year":"2016","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control . 2016. Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae, p 7\u201320."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CE.S40698"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz497"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2019.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01076-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa586"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01659-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.03095"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00116-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2023.106776"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01944-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00846-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01563-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03025-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00004-22"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","unstructured":"The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)\n. 2019. EUCAST: MIC determination on non-fastidious and fastidious organisms. Available from: https:\/\/www.eucast.org\/ast_of_bacteria\/mic_determination. Retrieved 12 Jul 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","volume-title":"M100, performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing","author":"The Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)","year":"2023","unstructured":"The Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) . 2023. In M100, performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 33rd ed. https:\/\/clsi.org\/standards\/products\/microbiology\/documents\/m100.","edition":"33"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2022.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","unstructured":"The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)\n. 2023 European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing - breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Available from: https:\/\/www.eucast.org\/clinical_breakpoints"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2021.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S402275"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa531"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/jcm.00588-23","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/jcm.00588-23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T09:03:06Z","timestamp":1698138186000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/jcm.00588-23"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Erin","family":"McElvania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/jcm.00588-23"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00588-23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00588-23"}}