{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:32:01Z","timestamp":1787016721971,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ASMCopyrightv2"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Macrolides, such as clarithromycin, are crucial in the treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). NTM are notoriously innately drug resistant, which has made the dependence on macrolides for their treatment even more important. Not surprisingly, resistance to macrolides has been documented in some NTM, including\n Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Mycobacterium abscessus<\/jats:italic>\n , which are the two NTM species most often identified in clinical isolates. Resistance is mediated by point mutations in the 23S ribosomal RNA or by methylation of the rRNA by a methylase (encoded by an\n erm<\/jats:italic>\n gene). Chromosomally encoded\n erm<\/jats:italic>\n genes have been identified in many of the macrolide-resistant isolates, but not in\n Mycobacterium chelonae<\/jats:italic>\n . Now, Brown-Elliott et al. (J Clin Microbiol 61:e00428-23, 2023,\n https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.00428-23<\/jats:ext-link>\n ) describe the identification of a new\n erm<\/jats:italic>\n variant,\n erm<\/jats:italic>\n (55)\n ,<\/jats:italic>\n which was found either on the chromosome or on a plasmid in highly macrolide-resistant clinical isolates of\n M. chelonae<\/jats:italic>\n . The chromosomal\n erm<\/jats:italic>\n (55) gene appears to be associated with mobile elements; one gene is within a putative transposon and the second is in a large (37 kb) insertion\/deletion. The plasmid carrying\n erm<\/jats:italic>\n (55) also encodes type IV and type VII secretion systems, which are often linked on large mycobacterial plasmids and are hypothesized to mediate plasmid transfer. While the conjugative transfer of the\n erm<\/jats:italic>\n (55)-containing plasmid between NTM has yet to be demonstrated, the inferences are clear, as evidenced by the dissemination of plasmid-mediated drug resistance in other medically important bacteria. Here, we discuss the findings of Brown-Elliott et al.\n ,<\/jats:italic>\n and the potential ramifications on treatment of NTM infections.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00628-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T09:01:19Z","timestamp":1695114079000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Plasmid-mediated drug resistance in mycobacteria: the tip of the iceberg?"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3404-8312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith M.","family":"Derbyshire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health , Albany, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany , Albany, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4061-6486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Max","family":"Salfinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida, USA"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease and International Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2023.102305"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad214"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201002-0310OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9112262"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1125"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","volume-title":"Susceptibility testing of mycobacteria, Nocardia spp., and other aerobic actinomycetes","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2018","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute . 2018. 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