{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T09:44:14Z","timestamp":1775123054340,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Active surveillance testing to identify and isolate asymptomatic carriers of toxigenic\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Clostridium difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            has been limited by the lack of a test that is sensitive, specific, and timely enough to serve as an infection control tool. We tested DNA preamplified from perirectal surveillance specimens in a liquid medium selective for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            by using a modified commercial real-time PCR assay. All fermenting specimens were subcultured, and isolates were tested for toxigenicity. Culture-positive toxigenic isolates served as the gold standard for comparison with the broth preamplification\/PCR assay. The limit of detection for the assay was 1 CFU. Relative to toxigenic anaerobic culture, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of this assay were 70\/70 (100.0%), 422\/426 (99.1%), 70\/74 (94.6%), and 422\/422 (100.0%), respectively. These data demonstrate that selective broth preamplification and real-time PCR of perirectal swab specimens constitute a practical approach to the detection of asymptomatic\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            carriage.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00679-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T11:40:16Z","timestamp":1314877216000},"page":"3788-3793","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Perirectal Swab Surveillance for Clostridium difficile by Use of Selective Broth Preamplification and Real-Time PCR Detection of\n            <i>tcdB<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Scott R.","family":"Curry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health"},{"name":"Division of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Presbyterian Campus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Schlackman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Travis M.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatianna K.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nakita T.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane W.","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen A.","family":"Shutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria M.","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. William","family":"Pasculle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlene A.","family":"Muto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health"},{"name":"Division of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Presbyterian Campus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee H.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/166.3.561"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01599-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02208-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01082-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/428579"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.25.11.2241-2242.1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198901263200402"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/502213"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/522185"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/521854"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"409","article-title":"Universal surveillance for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 3 affiliated hospitals. Ann","volume":"148","author":"Robicsek A.","year":"2008","unstructured":"RobicsekA.. 2008. Universal surveillance for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 3 affiliated hospitals. Ann. Intern. Med. 148:409\u2013418.","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02487-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00032-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01613-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01490-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.12.5578-5581.2004"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00679-11","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00679-11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T12:41:50Z","timestamp":1646484110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.00679-11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.00679-11"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00679-11","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-04-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-08-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-10-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}