{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:04:04Z","timestamp":1790903044931,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Corynebacterium<\/jats:named-content>\n            species are increasingly recognized as important pathogens in granulomatous mastitis. Currently, there are no published treatment protocols for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Corynebacterium<\/jats:named-content>\n            breast infections. This study describes antimicrobial treatment options in the context of other management strategies used for granulomatous mastitis.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Corynebacterium<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp. isolated from breast tissue and aspirate samples stored from 2002 to 2013 were identified and determined to the species level using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization\u2013time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), 16S RNA sequencing, and\n            <jats:italic>rpoB<\/jats:italic>\n            gene targets. The MICs for 12 antimicrobials were performed using Etest for each isolate. Correlations of these with antimicrobial characteristics, choice of antimicrobial, and disease outcome were evaluated.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Corynebacterium<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp. from breast tissue and aspirate samples were confirmed in 17 isolates from 16 patients. Based on EUCAST breakpoints,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 11) were susceptible to seven antibiotic classes but resistant to \u03b2-lactam antibiotics.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 4) were multidrug resistant. Two nonlipophilic species were isolated,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Corynebacterium freneyi<\/jats:named-content>\n            , both of which have various susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents. Short-course antimicrobial therapy was common (median, 6 courses per subject; range, 1 to 9 courses). Patients with\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. kroppenstedtii<\/jats:named-content>\n            presented with a hot painful breast mass and underwent multiple surgical procedures (median, 4 procedures; range, 2 to 6 procedures). The management of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Corynebacterium<\/jats:named-content>\n            breast infections requires a multidisciplinary approach and includes culture and appropriate sensitivity testing to guide antimicrobial therapy. Established infections have a poor outcome, possibly because adequate concentrations of some drugs will be difficult to achieve in lipophilic granulomata. Lipophilic antimicrobial therapy may offer a therapeutic advantage. The role of immunotherapy has not been defined.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00760-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]],"date-time":"2015-07-02T03:40:15Z","timestamp":1435808415000},"page":"2895-2899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["Antimicrobial Treatment Options for Granulomatous Mastitis Caused by Corynebacterium Species"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Hazel C.","family":"Dobinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor P.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen T.","family":"Chambers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew P.","family":"Doogue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lois","family":"Seaward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja M.","family":"Werno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.40.5.535"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2010.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0031302031000082197"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05168.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/344463"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02160-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00796-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu380"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2004.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00561-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","first-page":"120968","article-title":"Recurrent breast abscesses due to Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, a human pathogen uncommon in Caucasian women","volume":"2012","author":"Le Fl\u00e8che-Mat\u00e9os A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Le Fl\u00e8che-Mat\u00e9os A, Berthet N, Lomprez F, Arnoux Y, Le Guern A-S, Leclercq I, Burgui\u00e8re AM, Manuguerra J-C. 2012. Recurrent breast abscesses due to Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, a human pathogen uncommon in Caucasian women. Case Rep Infect Dis 2012:120968.","journal-title":"Case Rep Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","volume-title":"MALDI Biotyper user manual, version 20 SR1","author":"Bruker Daltonics","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bruker Daltonics. 2008. MALDI Biotyper user manual, version 20 SR1. 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