{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:32:42Z","timestamp":1790400762369,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Effective and easy-to-use methods for detecting\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Clostridium difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            spore contamination would be useful for identifying environmental reservoirs and monitoring the effectiveness of room disinfection. Culture-based detection methods are sensitive for detecting\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            , but their utility is limited due to the requirement of anaerobic culture conditions and microbiological expertise. We developed a low-cost selective broth medium containing thioglycolic acid and\n            <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n            -cystine, termed\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            brucella broth with thioglycolic acid and\n            <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n            -cystine (CDBB-TC), for the detection of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            from environmental specimens under aerobic culture conditions. The sensitivity and specificity of CDBB-TC (under aerobic culture conditions) were compared to those of CDBB (under anaerobic culture conditions) for the recovery of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            from swabs collected from hospital room surfaces. CDBB-TC was significantly more sensitive than CDBB for recovering environmental\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            (36\/41 [88%] versus 21\/41 [51%], respectively;\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.006).\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            latex agglutination, an enzyme immunoassay for toxins A and B or glutamate dehydrogenase, and a PCR for toxin B genes were all effective as confirmatory tests. For 477 total environmental cultures, the specificity of CDBB-TC versus that of CDBB based upon false-positive yellow-color development of the medium without recovery of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            was 100% (0 false-positive results) versus 96% (18 false-positive results), respectively. False-positive cultures for CDBB were attributable to the growth of anaerobic non-\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            organisms that did not grow in CDBB-TC. Our results suggest that CDBB-TC provides a sensitive and selective medium for the recovery of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            organisms from environmental samples, without the need for anaerobic culture conditions.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00793-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,24]],"date-time":"2014-06-24T06:15:59Z","timestamp":1403590559000},"page":"3259-3263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Sensitive and Selective Culture Medium for Detection of Environmental Clostridium difficile Isolates without Requirement for Anaerobic Culture Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Cadnum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly N.","family":"Hurless","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Service, Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Deshpande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle M.","family":"Nerandzic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Service, Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirisha","family":"Kundrapu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curtis J.","family":"Donskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/670217"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/670222"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2013.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00679-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"166","volume-title":"Wadsworth anaerobic bacteriology manual","author":"Summanen P","year":"1993","unstructured":"SummanenPBaronEJCitronDMStrongCAWexlerHMFinegoldSM. 1993. 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Initiation of germination of Clostridium difficile spores by lysozyme. C. R. Acad. Sci. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci. D. 287:659\u2013661.","journal-title":"C. R. Acad. Sci. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci. D."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2009.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit286"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00793-14","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00793-14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T12:00:38Z","timestamp":1646481638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.00793-14"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"M. J.","family":"Loeffelholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.00793-14"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00793-14","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-03-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-06-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-08-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}