{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T14:40:31Z","timestamp":1773153631309,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Recurrent invasive nontyphoidal\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n            (NTS) infection is an AIDS-defining illness that has become less common in the developed world in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), while it has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. We retrospectively analyzed\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n            (NTS) infection in HIV\/AIDS patients from June 2003 until December 2009 at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), Medical Center. Bacterial isolates from all patients were tested for selected microbiological properties, including major\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n            (NTS) virulence loci\n            <jats:italic>rpoS<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>sodCI<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>spvB<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>sseI<\/jats:italic>\n            . Fourteen percent of all\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n            (NTS) cases recorded at the UCSD Medical Center during this period occurred in known HIV\/AIDS patients. The clinical presentations in HIV patients fell into two distinct groups, bacteremia and enteritis. There was little clinical overlap between these two syndromes. All strains were positive for the presence of the\n            <jats:italic>rpoS and sodCI<\/jats:italic>\n            virulence loci, and 75% of strains were positive for the presence of the\n            <jats:italic>spvB<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>sseI<\/jats:italic>\n            loci. Antibiotic susceptibility assay showed that all strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin. The clinical presentation did not have a clear relationship to the CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            cell count. Of the bacteremic isolates, all but one isolate, drawn from a patient with substantial enteric comorbidities, had all of the virulence genes tested, but 66% of nonbacteremic, enteritis strains also contained all the tested virulence loci. In conclusion, neither patients' CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            cell count nor bacterial strain properties necessarily predicted the clinical presentation of HIV\/AIDS patients with\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n            (NTS) infection, and AIDS patients can have episodes of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n            enteritis without dissemination.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00795-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,30]],"date-time":"2012-08-30T06:09:30Z","timestamp":1346306970000},"page":"3598-3603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Microbiological Analysis of Nontyphoidal Salmonella Strains Causing Distinct Syndromes of Bacteremia or Enteritis in HIV\/AIDS Patients in San Diego, California"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Preziosi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sean M.","family":"Kandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nova Southeastern University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald G.","family":"Guiney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara H.","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199206000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000202066.02212.ff"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"256","article-title":"Non-typhoidal Salmonella bacteraemia without gastroenteritis: a marker of underlying immunosuppression","volume":"41","author":"Brown M","year":"2000","unstructured":"BrownMEykynSJ. 2000. 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