{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:39:23Z","timestamp":1790393963854,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We recently described helicobacter-associated progressive, proliferative, and dysplastic typhlocolitis in aging (18- to 24-month-old) Syrian hamsters. Other pathogens associated with typhlocolitis in hamsters,\n            <jats:italic>Clostridium difficile<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Lawsonia intracellularis<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\n            spp., were not indentified. The presence of\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            genus-specific DNA was noted by PCR in cecal and paraffin-embedded liver samples from aged hamsters by the use of\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            -specific PCR primers. By 16S rRNA analysis, the\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            sp. isolated from the liver tissue was identical to the cecal isolates from hamsters. The six hamster 16S rRNA sequences form a genotypic cluster most closely related to\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            sp.\n            <jats:italic>Flexispira<\/jats:italic>\n            taxon 8, part of the\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter bilis<\/jats:italic>\n            \/\n            <jats:italic>H. cinaedi<\/jats:italic>\n            group. Livers from aged helicobacter-infected hamsters showed various stages of predominantly portocentric and, to a lesser extent, perivenular fibrosis. Within nodules, there was cellular atypia consistent with nodular dysplasia. The livers also exhibited a range of chronic active portal\/interface and lobular inflammation, with significant portal hepatitis being present. The inflammation was composed of a mixture of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages, indicative of its chronic-active nature in these aged hamsters infected with\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            spp. The isolation of novel\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            spp., their identification by PCR from the diseased livers of aged hamsters, and their taxonomic classification as belonging to the\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter bilis<\/jats:italic>\n            cluster strengthen the argument that\n            <jats:italic>H. bilis<\/jats:italic>\n            and closely related\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            spp. play an etiological role in hepatobiliary disease in both animals and humans.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00879-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,17]],"date-time":"2009-09-17T01:46:38Z","timestamp":1253151998000},"page":"3673-3681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Chronic Hepatitis, Hepatic Dysplasia, Fibrosis, and Biliary Hyperplasia in Hamsters Naturally Infected with a Novel Helicobacter Classified in the\n            <i>H. bilis<\/i>\n            Cluster"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"J. 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