{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:28:25Z","timestamp":1791116905270,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            is a major human pathogen responsible for increasing the prevalence of community- and hospital-acquired infections. Protein A (SpA) is a key virulence factor of\n            <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            and is highly conserved. Sequencing of the variable-number tandem-repeat region of SpA (\n            <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n            typing) provides a rapid and reliable method for epidemiological studies. Rarely, non-\n            <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n            -typeable\n            <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            strains are encountered. The reason for this is not known. In this study, we characterized eight non-\n            <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n            -typeable bacteremia isolates. Sequencing of the entire\n            <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n            locus was successful for five strains and revealed various mutations of\n            <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n            , all of which included a deletion of immunoglobulin G binding domain C, in which the upper primer for\n            <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n            typing is located, while two strains were truly\n            <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n            negative. This is the first report demonstrating that nontypeability of\n            <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            by\n            <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n            sequencing is due either to mutation or to a true deficiency of\n            <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00941-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,17]],"date-time":"2009-09-17T01:46:38Z","timestamp":1253151998000},"page":"3624-3629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Non-\n            <i>spa<\/i>\n            -Typeable Clinical\n            <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n            Strains Are Naturally Occurring Protein A Mutants"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Cathrin","family":"Baum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital, Mu\u0308nster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Haslinger-Lo\u0308ffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital, Mu\u0308nster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Westh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kit","family":"Boye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital, Mu\u0308nster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital, Mu\u0308nster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara C.","family":"Kahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital, Mu\u0308nster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.44.2.619-621.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/533590"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01444-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/345476"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1008-1015.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1289"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(98)01400-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.3.521-540.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01586186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1079"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M601956200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01866-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"310","year":"1988","unstructured":"Harlow, E., and D. 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A. 2000. Staphylococcus aureus (including toxic shock syndrome), p. 2069-2092. In G. L. Mandell, R. G. Douglas, J. E. Bennett, and R. Dolin (ed.), Principles and practice of infectious diseases, 5th ed. 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