{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:45:27Z","timestamp":1789577127617,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n            infection in men is an important cause of nongonococcal urethritis. Effective detection of the parasite in men using culture requires examination of multiple specimens. We compared culture and PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in urethral swabs, urine, and semen for\n            <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n            detection in male sexual partners of women with trichomoniasis identified by wet mount and culture. Trichomonads were detected by at least one positive test in 205\/280 men (73.2%) who submitted at least one specimen for culture and PCR. Whereas InPouch TV culture detected only 46\/205 cases (22.5%), PCR detected 201\/205 (98.0%). Urethral swab cultures from men with urethritis were more likely to be positive with shorter incubation than specimens from men without urethritis.\n            <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n            was detected more often in men with wet-mount-positive partners. Even with a sensitive PCR assay, reliable detection of\n            <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n            in male partners required multiple specimens. The majority of male sexual partners in this study were infected, emphasizing the importance of partner evaluation and treatment.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00952-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,6]],"date-time":"2006-11-06T18:13:36Z","timestamp":1162836816000},"page":"3994-3999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Methods for Detection of\n            <i>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/i>\n            in the Male Partners of Infected Women: Implications for Control of Trichomoniasis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Marcia M.","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"},{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana M.","family":"Lapple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa F.","family":"Lawing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane R.","family":"Schwebke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myron S.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"},{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Swygard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julius","family":"Atashili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Leone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"},{"name":"Wake County Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"},{"name":"Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arlene C.","family":"Sen\u0303a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"},{"name":"Durham County Health Department, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200108004-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000137900.63660.98"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)02190-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199707000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/340264"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01135682"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.7.4155-4160.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.12.5619-5622.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199908000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.1.89-95.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.1.318-323.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/386309"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"819","volume":"40","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kengne, P., F. 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