{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T14:56:12Z","timestamp":1791039372782,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]],"date-time":"2006-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1164931200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We examined 97 strains of methicillin-resistant\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            (MRSA) isolated between 1979 and 1985, the period of time when the appearance of MRSA strains increased, and we determined that these strains are distinct from the MRSA clones predominating in today's Japanese hospitals. Type IV staphylococcal cassette chromosome\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            (SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            ) strains were the most frequent, comprising 53.6% of all strains, followed by type I (22.7%) and type II (21.6%) SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            strains. Among the type IV SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            strains, the frequencies of two new subtypes, type IV.3 (IVc) and type IV.4 (IVd), were very high, comprising 38.1 and 10.3% of all strains, respectively. Forty-four of the 97 strains (45.3%) were Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) positive. Among the PVL-positive strains, sequence type 30 (ST30)-SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            type IV strains producing type 4 coagulase were the most frequent. This is in striking contrast to the MRSA strains isolated in the 1990s, most of which were ST5-SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            type II strains producing type 2 coagulase and positive for the toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 gene. We also identified a new PVL-carrying prophage lysogenized in a type IV.3 SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            strain, 81\/108. \u03c6108PVL was distinct from the three extant PVL-carrying phages and was presumed to be carried by ST30-type IV.3 SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            strains isolated in Japan. These results provide genetic bases for the transition of MRSA clones in Japan that is commonly considered the transition from coagulase type 4 MRSA strains to coagulase type 2 MRSA strains. The results also suggested that MRSA strains that predominated between 1979 and 1985 were generated from PVL-positive methicillin-susceptible\n            <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            strains through the integration of SCC\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            elements.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00985-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,6]],"date-time":"2006-12-06T18:54:05Z","timestamp":1165431245000},"page":"4515-4527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Predominance of Clones Carrying Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Genes among Methicillin-Resistant\n            <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n            Strains Isolated in Japanese Hospitals from 1979 to 1985"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Xiao Xue","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Juntendo University, Department of Bacteriology, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teruyo","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Juntendo University, Department of Bacteriology, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piriyaporn","family":"Chongtrakool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Juntendo University, Department of Bacteriology, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Hiramatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Juntendo University, Department of Bacteriology, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.5.2027-2032.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08713-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.9.4719-4730.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.67.2.238-276.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0702.010204"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.1.1-21.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.10.4735-4743.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"807","volume":"35","year":"1982","unstructured":"Deguchi, K. 1982. Sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated clinically to CEPs. Results obtained with strains originating in superficial abscess in infants. Jpn. J. Antibiot.35:807-811. (In Japanese.)","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Antibiot."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"1376","volume":"44","year":"1991","unstructured":"Deguchi, K., N. Yokota, M. Koguchi, Y. Nakane, Y. Suzuki, S. Fukuyama, and R. Ishihara. 1991. Biological types and drug-sensitivities of multiple strains of freshly isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Jpn. J. Antibiot.44:1376-1385. (In Japanese.)","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Antibiot."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki379"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-200304000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.122108599"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1008-1015.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.4.1836-1842.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.7.2426-2438.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1995.tb02239.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402521101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.5.2384-2390.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"20","volume":"47","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hsu, L. Y., T. H. Koh, T. Y. Tan, T. Ito, X. X. Ma, R. T. Lin, and B. H. Tan. 2006. Emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Singapore: a further six cases. Singap. Med. J.47:20-26.","journal-title":"Singap. Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"1","volume":"14","year":"1966","unstructured":"Ichikawa, T., et al. 1966. Drug resistance of staphylococci. Chemotherapy14:1-8. (In Japanese.)","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","unstructured":"Methods Mol. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.5.1323-1336.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.7.2637-2651.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.6.1449"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","first-page":"124","volume":"124","year":"1961","unstructured":"Jevons, M. P. 1961. \u201cCelbenin\u201d-resistant staphylococci. Br. Med. J.124:124-125.","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/48.1.143"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.68.981"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(98)00278-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","first-page":"1950","volume":"15","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kanno, H. 1989. Treatment for patients of MRSA infection. Clin. Dr.15:1950-1952. (In Japanese.)","journal-title":"Clin. Dr."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.6.1549-1555.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","first-page":"2544","volume":"44","year":"1989","unstructured":"Konno, M. 1989. Etiology and preventive measures for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Modern Med.44:2544-2553. (In Japanese.)","journal-title":"Modern Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","first-page":"973","volume":"11","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ma, X. X., A. Galiana, W. Pedreira, M. Mowszowicz, I. Christophersen, S. Machiavello, L. Lope, S. Benaderet, F. Buela, W. Vincentino, M. Albini, O. Bertaux, I. Constenla, H. Bagnulo, L. Llosa, T. Ito, and K. Hiramatsu. 2005. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Uruguay. Emerg. Infect. Dis.11:973-976.","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.4.1147-1152.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","first-page":"549","volume":"37","year":"1989","unstructured":"Matsumoto, K., A. Takahashi, H. Shishido, K. Watanabe, N. Riktomi, H. Suzuki, and T. Yoshida. 1989. A comparison of the changes in Staphylococcus aureus during two periods. Chemotherapy37:549-562. (In Japanese.)","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","first-page":"374","volume":"5","year":"1965","unstructured":"Mitsuhashi, S., H. Hashimoto, T. Kasuga, and T. Sawai. 1965. Relationship between penicillin G resistance and susceptibility to synthetic penicillins in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.5:374-379.","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.22.2976"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(01)00390-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11150\/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.60.602"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.11.4289-4294.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10766290152773365"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/379019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)74814-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11150\/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.59.459"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.5.2070-2083.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.7.3356-3363.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02347728"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","first-page":"77","year":"1981","unstructured":"Ushioda, H., T. T. Sakai, S. Zen-Yoji, H. Nishiwaki, and A. Hidano. 1981. Coagulase typing of Staphylococcus aureus and its application in routine work, p. 77-83. In J. J. Gustav (ed.), Staphylococci and staphylococcus infections. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany.","journal-title":"Staphylococci and staphylococcus infections"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0908.030089"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.7.3341-3345.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-004-1262-x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00985-06","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.00985-06","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T04:22:23Z","timestamp":1646454143000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.00985-06"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.00985-06"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00985-06","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-05-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2006-10-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2006-12-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}