{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T15:32:29Z","timestamp":1759159949354,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is considered a zoonotic infection in developed nations. A case of acute hepatitis E in a researcher following a scalpel injury while working on a pig prompted a seroepidemiologic study to identify potential modes of transmission and determine the seroprevalence of HEV among animal handlers at the institute. Sera from personnel (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 64) in two animal facilities and age\/sex-matched blood donors (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 63) as controls were tested for IgG anti-HEV and, if positive, for IgM anti-HEV and HEV RNA. Sera and stool from pigs aged 6 to 12 weeks from the breeding farm and older pigs from animal facilities were tested similarly. The median age of personnel was 36 years, 74% were white, 56% were male, and 74% had direct exposure to pigs. The prevalence of anti-HEV was 3.1% among personnel compared to 3.2% among blood donors; none were positive for IgM anti-HEV or HEV RNA. IgG anti-HEV was detected in sera from 10% of pigs aged 6 to 8 weeks, 80% aged 10 weeks, 100% aged 12 weeks, and 76% aged &gt;12 weeks. HEV RNA was detected in stool but not sera from three 12-week-old pigs. Sequencing revealed HEV genotype 3 with \u223c10% difference between the patient and pig sequences. Parenteral transmission is a potential mode of acute HEV infection. The low and similar seroprevalence of anti-HEV between the at-risk group and age-matched blood donors suggests low transmission risk with universal precautions among animal handlers.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01189-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,3]],"date-time":"2015-09-03T02:23:37Z","timestamp":1441247017000},"page":"3547-3552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["An Epidemiologic Investigation of a Case of Acute Hepatitis E"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9358-4257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Souvik","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elenita M.","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald E.","family":"Engle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatitis Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanh T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatitis Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cathy A.","family":"Schechterly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transfusion Transmitted Viruses Laboratory, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harvey J.","family":"Alter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transfusion Transmitted Viruses Laboratory, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. 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