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In 249 children with diarrhea and 124 controls,<jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>spp. was an important cause of diarrhea (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.05). We used multiplex PCR and DNA probes to detect enteroinvasive<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>(EIEC), enteroaggregative<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>(EAggEC), enteropathogenic<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>(EPEC), attaching and effacing<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>(A\/EEC), verocytotoxin-producing<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>(VTEC), and enterotoxigenic<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>(ETEC). The prevalences of DEC in the diarrhea and control groups were 25.7 and 10.5%, respectively. In 62 children with diarrhea, 64 DEC strains included 22 EAggEC (8.8%), 2 EIEC (0.8%), 23 A\/EEC (9.2%), 7 EPEC (2.8%), and 10 ETEC strains (4.0%). Among controls, 13 DEC strains included 5 EAggEC strains (4.0%), 7 A\/EEC strains (5.6%), and 1 EPEC strain. The characterization of DEC by serotypes, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, virulence genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed the occurrence of many different and highly heterogenic DEC subtypes, but common serotypes were found among ETEC, EIEC and EPEC, respectively. Serotyping was used to distinguish between A\/EEC and EPEC. However, A\/EEC, EPEC, and EAggEC were isolated at high frequency from both cases and controls. Further in-depth studies are needed to better understand important virulence factors of DEC, especially A\/EEC, EPEC, and EAggEC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01219-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,4]],"date-time":"2008-01-04T01:35:09Z","timestamp":1199410509000},"page":"996-1004","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Diarrheagenic<i>Escherichia coli<\/i>and<i>Shigella<\/i>Strains Isolated from Children in a Hospital Case-Control Study in Hanoi, Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Bui Thi Thu","family":"Hien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Science, Copenhagen University, Frederiksberg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flemming","family":"Scheutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Escherichia and Klebsiella Centre (World Health Organization), Department of Bacteriology, Mycology, and Parasitology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phung Dac","family":"Cam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oralak","family":"Serichantalergs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Enteric Pathogens, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran Thu","family":"Huong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran Minh","family":"Thu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Dalsgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Science, Copenhagen University, Frederiksberg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.05287-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45719-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.11.3458-3464.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46539-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"856","volume":"32","year":"2001","unstructured":"Anh, N. 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