{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T18:41:28Z","timestamp":1767897688776,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Rabies virus found worldwide and prevalent throughout the United States continues to be a public health concern.\n Direct-fluorescent antibody (DFA) detection remains the gold standard for rabies virus diagnostics. Assessing the utility of a high-throughput molecular platform such as the QIAsymphony SP\/AS, in conjunction with quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR), to augment or potentially replace the DFA test, was the focus of this project. Here we describe a triplex qRT-PCR assay, including assembly and evaluation for sensitivity, specificity, and ability to detect variants. Additionally, we compared the qRT-PCR assay to the gold standard direct fluorescent-antibody test. More than 1,000 specimens submitted for routine rabies diagnosis were tested to directly compare the two methods. All results were in agreement between the two methods, with one additional specimen detected by qRT-PCR below the limits of the DFA sensitivity. With the proper continued validation for variant detection, molecular methods have a place in routine rabies diagnostics within the United States.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01227-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,16]],"date-time":"2015-07-16T02:30:18Z","timestamp":1437013818000},"page":"2983-2989","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Comparison of Automated Quantitative Reverse Transcription-PCR and Direct Fluorescent-Antibody Detection for Routine Rabies Diagnosis in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Michelle","family":"Dupuis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Brunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Appler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"April","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Rudd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"The natural history of rabies","author":"Steele JH","year":"1991","unstructured":"Steele JH, Fernandez PJ. 1991. History of rabies and global aspects, p 1\u201324. In Baer GM (ed), The natural history of rabies, 2nd ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"Virus taxonomy: 2014 release","author":"International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses","year":"2014","unstructured":"International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. 2014. Virus taxonomy: 2014 release. Executive Committee 46, Montreal, Canada, July 2014. http:\/\/ictvonline.org\/virusTaxonomy.asp?taxnode_id=20140713."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00017-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"88","volume-title":"Laboratory techniques in rabies","author":"Dean DJ","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dean DJ, Abelseth MK, Atanasiu P. 1996. The fluorescent antibody test, p 88\u201393. In Meslin F-X, Kaplan MM, Koprowski H (ed), Laboratory techniques in rabies, 4th ed. World Health Organization monograph series, no. 23. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2011.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058372"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.6.2786-2792.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2011.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/569712"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00612-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02015-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000530"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00074-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(00)00159-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.11.2762-2766.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.11.2522-2528.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-32-7767P"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"493","article-title":"A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints","volume":"27","author":"Reed LJ","year":"1938","unstructured":"Reed LJ, Muench H. 1938. A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. Am J Hyg 27:493\u2013497.","journal-title":"Am J Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01692-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2011.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","volume-title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2011","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2011. Protocol for postmortem diagnosis of rabies in animals by direct fluorescent antibody testing: a minimum standard for rabies diagnosis in the United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/rabies\/pdf\/rabiesdfaspv2.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2012.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2014.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870601800115"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.1.299-306.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-387040-7.00001-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408410801960913"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.01227-15","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.01227-15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T12:21:27Z","timestamp":1646482887000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.01227-15"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"M. 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