{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T12:37:50Z","timestamp":1773837470519,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]],"date-time":"2010-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1291161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Apophysomyces elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an emerging pathogen in India. We planned the present study to analyze the clinical pattern of the disease, to perform molecular strain typing, and to determine the\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    activities of eight antifungal drugs against\n                    <jats:italic>A. elegans.<\/jats:italic>\n                    A total of 16 clinical and two environmental\n                    <jats:italic>A. elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were included in the study. The clinical histories of the patients were noted. MICs or minimum effective concentrations (MECs) were determined for antifungal drugs by microdilution testing in accordance with CLSI standard M38-A2 guidelines. Of 16 patients, seven had rhino-cerebral, five had cutaneous, and three had renal zygomycosis. One patient had osteomyelitis. Uncontrolled diabetes was observed in 63% of the patients. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis divided the strains into two clearly different clades. The fingerprints of the environmental strains (including the type strain) were clearly different from those of the clinical strains. The MIC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    s and MIC\n                    <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n                    s for amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole were 2 and 4, 1 and 2, 0.5 and 1, and 2 and 4 \u03bcg\/ml, respectively. The strains had high MICs for fluconazole, voriconazole, and echinocandins. The study indicates a possible change in the clinical pattern of zygomycosis due to\n                    <jats:italic>A. elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    in India. The fungus caused not only cutaneous or subcutaneous infection but also other deep-seated infections, and the disease is commonly associated with uncontrolled diabetes. The AFLP patterns show a clear difference between environmental and clinical strains. Posaconazole is the most active drug against the isolates, followed by itraconazole. The MICs of amphotericin B against\n                    <jats:italic>A. elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    were higher than those of the other drugs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01420-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,29]],"date-time":"2010-09-29T23:37:32Z","timestamp":1285803452000},"page":"4580-4585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["<i>Apophysomyces elegans<\/i>\n                    : Epidemiology, Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Typing, and\n                    <i>In Vitro<\/i>\n                    Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology Division, Department of Medical Microbiology, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. R.","family":"Shivaprakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology Division, Department of Medical Microbiology, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Curfs-Breuker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Baghela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology Division, Department of Medical Microbiology, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. 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