{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T19:02:25Z","timestamp":1785438145243,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Macrolides are the first-line treatment for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections; however, macrolide resistance has been reported. We evaluated the clinical performance of two commercial assays for detecting macrolide-resistant\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      : the LightMix Modular\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycoplasma Macrolide<\/jats:italic>\n                      (TIB Molbiol) and the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycoplasma Pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and Macrolides-Resistant Strain Nucleic Acid Test Kit (Mole Bioscience), using 23S rRNA Sanger sequencing as the reference method. Eight\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      strains, 10 non-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">pneumoniae Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      strains, and 237 clinical samples were tested. Overall, the Mole Bioscience kit failed to detect\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      in 27.7% of positive samples, whereas the TIB Molbiol kit missed only 5.1%. The clinical sensitivities for detecting macrolide resistance\u2013associated mutations in clinical samples were 90.9% for the TIB Molbiol kit and 81.5% for the Mole Bioscience kit. All false wild-type results corresponded to samples harboring a mutation at position 2067 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      numbering) of the 23S rRNA gene. The clinical specificities were 97.9% and 94.4% for the TIB Molbiol and Mole Bioscience kits, respectively. Notably, the TIB Molbiol kit also detected 23S rRNA mutations in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycoplasma amphoriforme<\/jats:italic>\n                      , whereas the Mole Bioscience kit yielded false-resistant results in high-load specimens. In conclusion, these commercial kits offer a convenient approach for detecting macrolide resistance in routine clinical practice. The Mole Bioscience kit demonstrated limited sensitivity for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      detection, restricting its utility for resistance identification, and neither assay reliably detected resistance-associated mutations at position 2067. The global\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      reemergence highlights the need for advanced assays detecting all macrolide resistance-associated mutations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                        is a leading cause of bacterial respiratory tract infections, and a marked resurgence was reported worldwide in autumn 2023. Macrolides are the recommended first-line treatment for\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                        infections; however, resistance rates vary widely across regions and may compromise therapeutic efficacy. Rapid identification of macrolide resistance is therefore critical to ensure appropriate patient management. Because culture-based methods are slow and have limited sensitivity, molecular assays have become central to both pathogen detection and resistance determination. However, few simple and reliable commercial assays have been developed and evaluated for the detection of macrolide resistance in routine diagnostic laboratories. In this study, we evaluated the clinical performance of two real-time PCR\u2013based commercial assays for detecting macrolide resistance\u2013associated mutations in\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                        . Our findings support the implementation of rapid molecular tools to guide timely therapeutic decisions, including the early use of second-line antimicrobials when resistance is detected.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01491-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T14:00:41Z","timestamp":1770991241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical performance of two commercial PCR assays for the detection of macrolide resistance in\n                    <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Nad\u00e8ge","family":"H\u00e9nin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00x9ewr78","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Univ. 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