{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T08:52:58Z","timestamp":1790671978713,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Members of the genus\n            <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n            are known worldwide as pathogens of wildlife and livestock and are the most common organisms of zoonotic infection in humans. In general, brucellae exhibit a range of host specificity in animals that has led to the identification of at least seven\n            <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n            species. The genomes of the various\n            <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n            species are highly conserved, which makes the differentiation of species highly challenging. However, we found single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in housekeeping and other genes that differentiated the seven main\n            <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n            species or clades and thus enabled us to develop real-time PCR assays based around these SNPs. Screening of a diverse panel of 338 diverse isolates with these assays correctly identified each isolate with its previously determined\n            <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n            clade. Six of the seven clade-specific assays detected DNA concentrations of less than 10 fg, indicating a high level of sensitivity. This SNP-based approach places samples into a phylogenetic framework, allowing reliable comparisons to be made among the lineages of clonal bacteria and providing a solid basis for genotyping. These PCR assays provide a rapid and highly sensitive method of differentiating the major\n            <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n            groups that will be valuable for clinical and forensic applications.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01496-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,22]],"date-time":"2007-11-22T02:06:55Z","timestamp":1195697215000},"page":"296-301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Real-Time PCR Assays of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Defining the Major\n            <i>Brucella<\/i>\n            Clades"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey T.","family":"Foster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5640"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard T.","family":"Okinaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barun K.","family":"De","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Robison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William S.","family":"Probert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Diseases Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California 94804"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo J.","family":"Kenefic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5640"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William D.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5640"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Keim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5640"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"24","unstructured":"Bricker, B. 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