{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T20:28:27Z","timestamp":1793132907488,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Doxycycline is a tetracycline that has been licensed for veterinary use in some countries, but no clinical breakpoints are available for veterinary pathogens. The objectives of this study were (i) to establish breakpoints for doxycycline and (ii) to evaluate the use of tetracycline as a surrogate to predict the doxycycline susceptibility of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates. MICs and inhibition zone diameters were determined for 168 canine\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pseudintermedius<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standards. Tetracycline resistance genes were detected by PCR, and time-kill curves were determined for representative strains.\n            <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            pharmacodynamic and target animal pharmacokinetic data were analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) for the development of MIC interpretive criteria. Optimal zone diameter breakpoints were defined using the standard error rate-bounded method. The two drugs displayed bacteriostatic activity and bimodal MIC distributions. Doxycycline was more active than tetracycline in non-wild-type strains. MCS and target attainment analysis indicated a certainty of \u226590% for attaining an area under the curve (AUC)\/MIC ratio of &gt;25 with a standard dosage of doxycycline (5 mg\/kg of body weight every 12 h) for strains with MICs of \u22640.125 \u03bcg\/ml. Tetracycline predicted doxycycline susceptibility, but current tetracycline breakpoints were inappropriate for the interpretation of doxycycline susceptibility results. Accordingly, canine-specific doxycycline MIC breakpoints (susceptible, \u22640.125 \u03bcg\/ml; intermediate, 0.25 \u03bcg\/ml; resistant, \u22650.5 \u03bcg\/ml) and zone diameter breakpoints (susceptible, \u226525 mm; intermediate, 21 to 24 mm; resistant, \u226420 mm) and surrogate tetracycline MIC breakpoints (susceptible, \u22640.25 \u03bcg\/ml; intermediate, 0.5 \u03bcg\/ml; resistant, \u22651 \u03bcg\/ml) and zone diameter breakpoints (susceptible, \u226523 mm; intermediate, 18 to 22 mm; resistant, \u226417 mm) were proposed based on the data generated in this study.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01498-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]],"date-time":"2013-08-22T04:05:55Z","timestamp":1377144355000},"page":"3547-3554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Pharmacodynamics of Doxycycline and Tetracycline against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius: Proposal of Canine-Specific Breakpoints for Doxycycline"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Marit Gaastra","family":"Maaland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark G.","family":"Papich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Turnidge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Laboratory Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Guardabassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.65.2.232-260.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555815929","volume-title":"Antimicrobial agents. 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