{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T16:40:57Z","timestamp":1790440857150,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The distribution of conjugative-plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylase genes among amikacin-resistant\n            <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n            collected between 1995 and 1998 and between 2001 and 2006 at a university hospital in South Korea was examined, and conjugative plasmids carrying the 16S rRNA methylase genes were characterized by PCR-based replicon typing and by determination of their antimicrobial resistance pattern. Among the 7,127 isolates, 463 isolates showed a high level of resistance to amikacin, and 218 of the 463 isolates transferred amikacin resistance by conjugation. Among the 218 isolates,\n            <jats:italic>armA<\/jats:italic>\n            was detected in 153 isolates (88\n            <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            , 28\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            , 19\n            <jats:italic>Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n            , and 6\n            <jats:italic>Serratia marcescens<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates and 12 isolates of other organisms), and\n            <jats:italic>rmtB<\/jats:italic>\n            was detected in 51 isolates (32\n            <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates, 18\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates, and 1\n            <jats:italic>Citrobacter freundii<\/jats:italic>\n            isolate). The first appearance of\n            <jats:italic>armA<\/jats:italic>\n            was in 1997. The\n            <jats:italic>armA<\/jats:italic>\n            gene was carried by conjugative plasmids of replicon groups IncL\/M, IncFIIAs, IncF, IncA\/C, IncHI2, and Inc(unidentified) in 38, 20, 7, 9, 4, and 75 strains, respectively. The\n            <jats:italic>rmtB<\/jats:italic>\n            gene was carried by conjugative plasmids of groups IncA\/C, IncF, and IncI1-I\u03b3 in 43 strains, 7 strains, and 1 strain, respectively. Transconjugants that received the IncL\/M plasmid carrying\n            <jats:italic>armA<\/jats:italic>\n            or the IncA\/C plasmid carrying\n            <jats:italic>rmtB<\/jats:italic>\n            showed an additional resistance to cefotaxime. Transconjugants that received the IncFIIA plasmid or Inc(unidentified) plasmid carrying the\n            <jats:italic>armA<\/jats:italic>\n            gene showed an additional resistance to cefoxitin and a high MIC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            (0.25 mg\/liter) of ciprofloxacin. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the dissemination of 16S rRNA methylase genes among the\n            <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n            is mediated by conjugative plasmids of various incompatibility groups that confer resistance to multiple drugs, including aminoglycosides, extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactams, and\/or quinolones.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01677-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,20]],"date-time":"2007-12-20T01:45:47Z","timestamp":1198115147000},"page":"700-706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Distribution of Conjugative-Plasmid-Mediated 16S rRNA Methylase Genes among Amikacin-Resistant\n            <i>Enterobacteriaceae<\/i>\n            Isolates Collected in 1995 to 1998 and 2001 to 2006 at a University Hospital in South Korea and Identification of Conjugative Plasmids Mediating Dissemination of 16S rRNA Methylase"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Hee Young","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jungmin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Je Chul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoo Chul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Taek","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Yong","family":"Seol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/7.6.1513"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl527"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2005.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.2.491-496.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.8.2565-2571.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.7.2949-2953.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki246"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"954","volume":"6","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Zorn, B., T. 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