{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T09:52:01Z","timestamp":1770889921283,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008648","name":"Pfizer Inc. | Pfizer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIR-WI-187426"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIR-WI-187426"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008648","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Combined biomarker screening is increasingly used to diagnose invasive aspergillosis (IA) in high-risk patients. In adults, the combination of galactomannan (GM) and fungal DNA detection has proven to be beneficial in the diagnosis of IA. Data in purely pediatric cohorts are scarce. Here, we monitored 39 children shortly before and after allogeneic stem cell transplantation twice weekly by use of a commercial GM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a PCR assay based on amplification of the pan-\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Aspergillus<\/jats:named-content>\n            ITS1\/5.8S ribosomal operon. In addition, clinical data were recorded and classification of IA was performed according to the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer\/Mycoses Study Group (EORTC\/MSG) criteria. Among the 39 high-risk children, we identified 4 patients (10.3%) with probable and 2 (5.1%) with possible IA. All patients with probable IA were repeatedly positive for both tests (means of 9.5 and 6.8 positive GM and PCR samples, respectively), whereas both possible IA cases were detected by PCR. The sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 67% and 89% for GM and 100% and 63% for PCR. Positive and negative predictive values were, respectively, 50% and 100% for GM and 27% and 100% for PCR. For the combined testing approach, both values were 100%. The number of positive samples seemed to be lower in patients undergoing antifungal therapy. Sporadically positive tests occurred in 12% (GM) and 42% (PCR) of unclassified patients. In summary, our data show that combined monitoring for GM and fungal DNA also results in a high diagnostic accuracy in pediatric patients. Future studies have to determine whether combined testing is suitable for early detection of subclinical disease and how antifungal prophylaxis impacts assay performance.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01682-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,20]],"date-time":"2016-10-20T03:03:28Z","timestamp":1476932608000},"page":"101-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Prospective Biomarker Screening for Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in High-Risk Pediatric Patients"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6619-1100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juergen","family":"Loeffler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik &amp; Poliklinik II, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Hafner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinderklinik und Poliklinik, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Mengoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology, Microbiology, and Medical Biotechnology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clemens","family":"Wirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claus Peter","family":"Heussel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"L\u00f6ffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik &amp; Poliklinik II, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. Lewis","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Wales Microbiology Cardiff, Cardiff, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Ullmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik &amp; Poliklinik II, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik &amp; Poliklinik II, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"Wiegering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinderklinik und Poliklinik, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"W\u00f6lfl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinderklinik und Poliklinik, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul Gerhardt","family":"Schlegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinderklinik und Poliklinik, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Einsele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik &amp; Poliklinik II, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Springer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik &amp; Poliklinik II, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Eyrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinderklinik und Poliklinik, University Medical Center W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/595846"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2004.00809.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/459405"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu833"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70076-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/588660"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw592"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70017-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)01045-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00022-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00285-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12443"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"177","article-title":"Aspergillus antigen and PCR assays in bone marrow transplanted children","volume":"7","author":"Bialek R","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bialek R Moshous D Casanova JL Blanche S Hennequin C . 2002. Aspergillus antigen and PCR assays in bone marrow transplanted children. 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W.","family":"Warnock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.01682-16"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.01682-16","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-08-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-10-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-12-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}