{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T23:51:50Z","timestamp":1790466710252,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>With improved measles virus (MV) control, the genetic variability of the MV-nucleoprotein hypervariable region (NP-HVR) decreases. Thus, it becomes increasingly difficult to determine the origin of a virus using only this part of the genome. During outbreaks in Europe and Africa, we found MV strains with identical NP-HVR sequences. However, these strains showed considerable diversity within a larger sequencing window based on concatenated MV phosphoprotein and hemagglutinin genes (P\/H pseudogenes). In Belarus, Germany, Russia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, the P\/H pseudogenes provided insights into chains of transmission, whereas identical NP-HVR provided none. In Russia, for instance, the P\/H pseudogene identified temporal clusters rather than geographical clusters, demonstrating the circulation and importation of independent variants rather than large local outbreaks lasting for several years, as suggested by NP-HVR. Thus, by extending the sequencing window for molecular epidemiology, a more refined picture of MV circulation was obtained with more clearly defined links between outbreaks and transmission chains. Our results also suggested that in contrast to the P gene, the H gene acquired fixed substitutions that continued to be found in subsequent outbreaks, possibly with consequences for its antigenicity. Thus, a longer sequencing window has true benefits both for the epidemiological surveillance of measles and for the better monitoring of viral evolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01703-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,25]],"date-time":"2010-11-25T04:09:55Z","timestamp":1290658195000},"page":"677-683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Revealing New Measles Virus Transmission Routes by Use of Sequence Analysis of Phosphoprotein and Hemagglutinin Genes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Julia R.","family":"Kessler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology, Centre de Recherche Public-Sant\u00e9\/Laboratoire National de Sant\u00e9, WHO Regional Reference Laboratory for Measles and Rubella and WHO Collaboration Centre for Measles Research, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques R.","family":"Kremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology, Centre de Recherche Public-Sant\u00e9\/Laboratoire National de Sant\u00e9, WHO Regional Reference Laboratory for Measles and Rubella and WHO Collaboration Centre for Measles Research, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergey V.","family":"Shulga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Regional Reference Laboratory for Measles and Rubella, Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina T.","family":"Tikhonova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Regional Reference Laboratory for Measles and Rubella, Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Santibanez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Regional Reference Laboratory for Measles and Rubella, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Mankertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Regional Reference Laboratory for Measles and Rubella, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Galina V.","family":"Semeiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Republican Research and Practical Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, WHO National Measles and Rubella Laboratory, Minsk, Belarus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena O.","family":"Samoilovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Republican Research and Practical Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, WHO National Measles and Rubella Laboratory, Minsk, Belarus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Jacques Muyembe","family":"Tamfum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Pukuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claude P.","family":"Muller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology, Centre de Recherche Public-Sant\u00e9\/Laboratoire National de Sant\u00e9, WHO Regional Reference Laboratory for Measles and Rubella and WHO Collaboration Centre for Measles Research, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2008.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1611.100777"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1401.070778"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20827"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","first-page":"103","article-title":"Nucleocapsid structure and function","volume":"329","author":"Longhi S.","year":"2009","unstructured":"LonghiS. 2009. 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