{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:27:25Z","timestamp":1789986445343,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]],"date-time":"2012-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Neisseria lactamica<\/jats:named-content>\n            is a true commensal bacterium occupying the same ecological niche as the pathogenic\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            , which is responsible for outbreaks and large epidemics, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. To better understand the epidemiology of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. lactamica<\/jats:named-content>\n            in Africa and its relationship to\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            , we studied\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. lactamica<\/jats:named-content>\n            carriage in 1- to 29-year-old people living in three districts of Burkina Faso from 2009 to 2011.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. lactamica<\/jats:named-content>\n            was detected in 18.2% of 45,847 oropharyngeal samples. Carriage prevalence was highest among the 2-year-olds (40.1%) and decreased with age. Overall prevalence was higher for males (19.1%) than females (17.5%) (odds ratio [OR], 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 1.18), while among the 18- to 29-year-olds, carriage prevalence was significantly higher in women (9.1%) than in men (3.9%) (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.94 to 3.19). Carriage prevalence of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. lactamica<\/jats:named-content>\n            was remarkably homogeneous in the three districts of Burkina Faso and stable over time, in comparison with carriage of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            (P. A. Kristiansen et al., Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 18:435\u2013443, 2011). There was no significant seasonal variation of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. lactamica<\/jats:named-content>\n            carriage and no significant change in carriage prevalence after introduction of the serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine, MenAfriVac. Multilocus sequence typing was performed on a selection of 142 isolates. The genetic diversity was high, as we identified 62 different genotypes, of which 56 were new. The epidemiology of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. lactamica<\/jats:named-content>\n            carriage and the molecular characteristics of carried isolates were similar to those reported from industrialized countries, in contrast to the particularities of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            carriage and disease epidemiology in Burkina Faso.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01717-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,4]],"date-time":"2012-10-04T05:36:11Z","timestamp":1349328971000},"page":"4020-4027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Carriage of Neisseria lactamica in 1- to 29-Year-Old People in Burkina Faso: Epidemiology and Molecular Characterization"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Paul A.","family":"Kristiansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabien","family":"Diomand\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Inter Country Support Team, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"},{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasmata","family":"Ou\u00e9draogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire P\u00e9diatrique Charles de Gaulle, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idrissa","family":"Sanou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"},{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lassana","family":"Sangar\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoul-Salam","family":"Ou\u00e9draogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Absatou Ky","family":"Ba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire National de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Ministry of Health, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Kandolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Inter Country Support Team, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"},{"name":"WHO Multi Disease Surveillance Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Dolan Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Pierre","family":"Pr\u00e9ziosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meningitis Vaccine Project, Ferney, France"},{"name":"WHO Initiative for Vaccine Research, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. Marc","family":"LaForce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meningitis Vaccine Project, Ferney, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique A.","family":"Caugant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.5.1710-1715.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020021109462"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/015479-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.4.2424-2432.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2008.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.12.6007-6014.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/146.5.626"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800066449"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/13.2.216"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.12.073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02132-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026061"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.4.1.4806"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/137.2.112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.4.3.373"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.04.063"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-8-66"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(03)00174-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"Carriage of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria lactamica among ethnic Greek school children from Russian immigrant families in Athens","volume":"23","author":"Kremastinou J","year":"1999","unstructured":"KremastinouJ. 1999. Carriage of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria lactamica among ethnic Greek school children from Russian immigrant families in Athens. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 23:13\u201320.","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","article-title":"Impact of the serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine, MenAfriVac, on carriage and herd immunity","author":"Kristiansen PA","unstructured":"KristiansenPA. Impact of the serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine, MenAfriVac, on carriage and herd immunity. Clin. Infect. Dis., in press.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00479-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2011.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.04.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2011.0328"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"La m\u00e9ningite c\u00e9r\u00e9brospinale en Afrique","volume":"28","author":"Lapeyssonnie L","year":"1963","unstructured":"LapeyssonnieL. 1963. La m\u00e9ningite c\u00e9r\u00e9brospinale en Afrique. Bull. World Health Organ. 28(Suppl):3\u2013114.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.6.3140"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011835"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1306.061395"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.10.5129-5135.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800067492"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400061507"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026889900415X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msr121"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00274-06"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.01717-12","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.01717-12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T11:04:29Z","timestamp":1646478269000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.01717-12"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.01717-12"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.01717-12","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-07-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-09-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-11-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}