{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:33:34Z","timestamp":1787016814014,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]],"date-time":"2007-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A need exists for the development of applicable surveillance tools to detect fluoroquinolone-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (QRNG) in urine samples. We describe here a real-time PCR assay for detecting mutations in the Ser91 codon of the\n                    <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene of\n                    <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                    in urine specimens. We tested 96 urine samples collected along with Gonorrhea Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP) urethral swab samples and compared the results with matched MICs of ciprofloxacin, as reported by the regional GISP laboratory. We then tested 100 urine specimens, known to be gonorrhea positive by nucleic acid amplification testing, provided by females to challenge the real-time PCR assay with urine specimens containing potentially less target DNA content than specimens from symptomatic males. With an MIC threshold of 0.125 \u03bcg of ciprofloxacin\/ml, our assay correctly identified resistance in 41 of 44 (93.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 81.3 to 98.6%) corresponding resistant culture specimens and correctly identified 51 of 51 (100%; 95% CI = 93.0 to 100%) susceptible specimens. One specimen did not amplify. The assay successfully amplified the\n                    <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n                    amplicon and determined a susceptibility genotype in 72 of 100 (72%) urine specimens collected from female patients. We developed an assay for detecting QRNG in urine specimens that correlated well with MIC results of cultured specimens and had moderate sensitivity with urine specimens. This methodology might fulfill the need for a QRNG detection system for urine specimens, a useful characteristic in the age of nucleic acid amplification testing for gonococcal infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01909-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,2]],"date-time":"2007-02-02T21:42:31Z","timestamp":1170452551000},"page":"1250-1254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection of Quinolone-Resistant\n                    <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>\n                    in Urine Samples"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Mark J.","family":"Siedner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Pandori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pennan","family":"Barry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California"},{"name":"Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William L. H.","family":"Whittington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Liska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey D.","family":"Klausner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California"},{"name":"University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200305000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200306000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432801"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01297.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-8508(03)00005-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2005. Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2004 supplement: gonococcal isolate surveillance (GISP) annual report-2004 Atlanta Georgia. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Washington DC."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14737159.6.4.519"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.6.1671-1673.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.7.3281-3283.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.11.2442"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s101560200025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462053057675"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200212000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2005. Code of Federal Regulations: protection of human subjects title 45 part 46. [Online.] http:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/ohrp\/humansubjects\/guidance\/45cfr46.htm\n."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"833","volume":"49","year":"2000","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2000. Fluoroquinolone-resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Hawaii, 1999, and decreased susceptibility to azithromycin in N. gonorrhoeae, Missouri, 1999. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.49:833-837.","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","first-page":"335","volume":"53","year":"2004","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2004. Increases in fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae among men who have sex with men-United States, 2003, and revised recommendations for gonorrhea treatment. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.53:335-338.","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"488","volume":"27","year":"2003","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2003. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the WHO Western Pacific Region, 2002. Commun. Dis. Intell.27:488-491.","journal-title":"Commun. Dis. Intell."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.12.5819-5824.2004"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.01909-06","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.01909-06","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T00:50:44Z","timestamp":1646441444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.01909-06"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.01909-06"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.01909-06","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-09-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2007-01-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2007-04-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}