{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T06:03:38Z","timestamp":1778997818860,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We report here the quantitative detection of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            toxin (CT) in isolates and stool specimens by dynamic monitoring of the full course of CT-mediated cytotoxicity in a real-time cell analysis (RTCA) system. Four cell lines, including Y-1 mouse adrenal tumor cells, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, small intestine epithelial (FHs74Int) cells, and mouse adrenal gland (PC12-Adh) cells, were evaluated for their suitability for CT-induced cytotoxicity testing. Among them, the Y-1 line was demonstrated to be the most sensitive for CT-mediated cytotoxicity, with limits of detection of 7.0 pg\/ml for purified CT and 0.11 ng\/ml for spiked CT in pooled negative stool specimens. No CT-mediated cytotoxicity was observed for nontoxigenic\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            , non-\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            species, or non-\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            enterotoxins. The CT-RTCA assay was further validated with 100 stool specimens consecutively collected from patients with diarrhea and 200\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates recovered from patients and the environment, in comparison to a reference using three detection methods. The CT-RTCA assay had sensitivities and specificities of 97.5% and 100.0%, respectively, for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates and 90.0% and 97.2% for stool specimens. For stool specimens spiked with CT concentrations ranging from 3.5 pg\/ml to 1.8 ng\/ml, the inoculation-to-detection time was 1.12 \u00b1 0.38 h, and the values were inversely correlated with CT concentrations (\u03c1 = \u22121;\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.01). The results indicate that the CT-RTCA assay with the Y-1 cell line provides a rapid and sensitive tool for the quantitative detection of CT activities in clinical specimens.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01959-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T03:31:48Z","timestamp":1379561508000},"page":"3968-3974","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Quantitative Detection of Vibrio cholera Toxin by Real-Time and Dynamic Cytotoxicity Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Dazhi","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haijing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACEA Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melinda","family":"Stampfl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACEA Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACEA Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gangqiang","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Wei","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60436-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.60.1.167-215.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.12.3595-3600.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Food as a vehicle of transmission of cholera","volume":"17","author":"Rabbani GH","year":"1999","unstructured":"RabbaniGHGreenoughWBIII. 1999. 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